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The other castes were similarly further sub-classified by 19th-century and early-20th-century ethnographers based on numerous criteria ranging from profession, endogamy or exogamy or polygamy, and a host of other factors in a manner similar to castas in Spanish colonies such as Mexico, and caste system studies in British colonies such as India.
[citation needed] According to Harihar Nivas Dvivedi, all Ahirs and their sub-castes are Shudras, but Dauwa Ahir is considered as comparatively lower as a caste than pure Ahirs. [21] In Bundelkhand, Dauwa Ahirs were allied with Bundela Rajputs and Dauwa women served as wetnurses for Bundela princes as part of a symbolic ritual.
There are 3,000 castes and 25,000 sub-castes in India, each related to a specific occupation. [12] Caste-based differences have also been practised in other regions and religions in the Indian subcontinent, like Nepalese Buddhism, [13] Christianity, Islam, Judaism and Sikhism. [14]
Baiga (a little known tribe of Odisha) (PDF). Photo handbook. Bhubaneswar: Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Research and Training Institute (SCSTRTI). ISBN 9789380705767. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 May 2023.
According to Inden, "many of the higher castes of India have historically been organised into ranked clans or lineages". [19] The Bengali Kayastha was organised into smaller sub-castes and even smaller ranked grades of clans (kulas [28]) around 1500 CE. [29] The four major subcastes were Daksina-radhi, Vangaja, Uttara-radhi and Varendra.
This is a list of Scheduled Castes in India. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are those considered the most socio-economic disadvantaged in India, and are officially defined in the Constitution of India in order to aid equality initiatives. The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950 lists 1,109 castes across 28 states. [1]
Jāti is the term traditionally used to describe a cohesive group of people in the Indian subcontinent, like a tribe, community, clan, sub-clan, or a religious sect.Each Jāti typically has an association with an occupation, geography or tribe.
The term has been used to represent different sub-castes of the Kachhis, Kachhvahas, [6] Koeris and Muraos. The Kushwaha had worshipped Shiva and Shakta, but beginning in the 20th century, they claim descent from the Suryavansh (Solar) dynasty via Kusha, one of the twin sons of Rama and Sita. At present, it is a broad community formed by coming ...