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  2. Axis of Upheaval - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axis_of_Upheaval

    "Axis of Upheaval" is a term coined in 2024 by Center for a New American Security foreign policy analysts Richard Fontaine and Andrea Kendall-Taylor and used by many foreign policy analysts, [1] [2] [3] military officials, [4] [5] and international groups [6] to describe the growing anti-Western collaboration between Russia, Iran, China and ...

  3. Left-right asymmetry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-right_asymmetry

    In developmental biology, left-right asymmetry (LR asymmetry) is the process in early embryonic development that breaks the normal symmetry in the bilateral embryo.In vertebrates, left-right asymmetry is established early in development at a structure called the left-right organizer (the name of which varies between species) and leads to activation of different signalling pathways on the left ...

  4. Polarity in embryogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarity_in_embryogenesis

    The animal hemisphere is dark brown, and the vegetal hemisphere is only weakly pigmented. The axis of symmetry passes through on one side the animal pole, and on the other side the vegetal pole. The two hemispheres are separated by an unpigmented equatorial belt. Polarity has a major influence on the emergence of the embryonic structures.

  5. Symmetry breaking and cortical rotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetry_Breaking_and...

    Symmetry breaking in biology is the process by which uniformity is broken, or the number of points to view invariance are reduced, to generate a more structured and improbable state. [1] Symmetry breaking is the event where symmetry along a particular axis is lost to establish a polarity.

  6. Animal embryonic development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_embryonic_development

    In developmental biology, animal embryonic development, also known as animal embryogenesis, is the developmental stage of an animal embryo. Embryonic development starts with the fertilization of an egg cell (ovum) by a sperm cell (spermatozoon). [1] Once fertilized, the ovum becomes a single diploid cell known as a zygote.

  7. Biochemical switches in the cell cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemical_switches_in...

    The cell cycle is a series of complex, ordered, sequential events that control how a single cell divides into two cells, and involves several different phases. The phases include the G1 and G2 phases, DNA replication or S phase, and the actual process of cell division, mitosis or M phase. [ 1 ]

  8. Cell fate determination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_fate_determination

    Within the field of developmental biology, one goal is to understand how a particular cell develops into a final cell type, known as fate determination. Within an embryo, several processes play out at the cellular and tissue level to create an organism.

  9. Inversion (evolutionary biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inversion_(evolutionary...

    In addition to the simple observation that the dorsoventral axes of protostomes and chordates appear to be inverted with respect to each other, molecular biology provides some support for the inversion hypothesis. The most notable piece of evidence comes from analysis of the genes involved in establishing the DV axis in these two groups. [2]