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FOB (free on board) is a term in international commercial law specifying at what point respective obligations, costs, and risk involved in the delivery of goods shift from the seller to the buyer under the Incoterms standard published by the International Chamber of Commerce. FOB is only used in non-containerized sea freight or inland waterway ...
The first work published by the ICC on international trade terms was issued in 1923, with the first edition known as Incoterms published in 1936. The Incoterms rules were amended in 1953, [4] 1967, 1976, 1980, 1990, 2000, and 2010, with the ninth version — Incoterms 2020 [5] — having been published on September 10, 2019.
The CISG describes when the risk passes from the seller to the buyer [48] but it has been observed that in practice most contracts define the seller's delivery obligations quite precisely by adopting an established shipment term, [41] such as FOB and CIF. [49] Remedies of the buyer and seller depend upon the character of a breach of the contract.
Incoterms inform sales contract by defining respective obligations, costs, and risks involved in the delivery of goods from seller to buyer. Incoterms 2010, the 8th revision, refers to the newest collection of essential international commercial and trade terms with 11 rules. Incoterm 2010 was effective on and from January 1, 2011.
FOB (shipping) I. Incoterms This page was last edited on 29 April 2023, at 05:40 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons ...
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Typical export transactions use Incoterms terms such as CIF, FOB or FAS, requiring the exporter/shipper to deliver the goods to the ship, whether onboard or alongside. Nevertheless, the loading itself will usually be done by the carrier or by a third party stevedore .