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Down syndrome or Down's syndrome, [12] also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. [3] It is usually associated with developmental delays, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and characteristic physical features.
May be offensive to some, [1] [17] [22] who may prefer "person with a disability" or "people with health conditions or impairments". [7] However, many people prefer "disabled person" or "disabled people", in part due to the social model of disability. [27] [28] [29] Disorder [30] Dotard [31] Downie: Used of people with Down Syndrome.
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. [1] It is typically associated with developmental delays, characteristic physical features, and mild to moderate intellectual disability. [2] The average IQ of a young adult with Down syndrome is 50, equivalent to the mental age of an 8 ...
The term idiot savant (French for 'learned idiot') was first used to describe the condition in 1887 [24] by John Langdon Down, who is known for his description of Down syndrome. Down described approximately ten cases of youth he had known with unusual mental powers, like "verbal adhesion" (eg. memorizing books read once), photographic memory ...
Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome are examples of syndromic intellectual disabilities. Intellectual disability affects about 2–3% of the general population. [ 11 ] Seventy-five to ninety percent of the affected people have mild intellectual disability. [ 11 ]
The "r" word began appearing in the early 1960s as a medical term to describe those with intellectual disabilities, according to non-profit The Arc, but it grew into "a cruel insult." While not ...
It was the first organization to focus specifically on the needs of individuals with Down syndrome, rather than generalized intellectual or cognitive disabilities. Though originally based in Illinois, the national headquarters is now in Atlanta, Georgia. In 2020, Shauntel Neal-Howe, of Spring, Texas, was elected president of the organization ...
While the term "idiot" is, in the present day, not used in a medical, legal or psychiatric context, instead meaning a stupid or foolish person, the term previously held meaning as a technical term used in both legal and psychiatric contexts for some type of profound intellectual disability, wherein the disabled person's mental age was considered to be two years or less.