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Early Christian art and architecture (or Paleochristian art) is the art produced by Christians, or under Christian patronage, from the earliest period of Christianity to, depending on the definition, sometime between 260 and 525. In practice, identifiably Christian art only survives from the 2nd century onwards. [1]
The Nativity of Jesus has been a major subject of Christian art since the 4th century. The artistic depictions of the Nativity or birth of Jesus , celebrated at Christmas , are based on the narratives in the Bible, in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke , and further elaborated by written, oral and artistic tradition.
Most Christian groups use or have used art to some extent, including early Christian art and architecture and Christian media. Images of Jesus and narrative scenes from the Life of Christ are the most common subjects, and scenes from the Old Testament play a part in the art of most denominations.
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Early Christian sarcophagi are those Ancient Roman sarcophagi carrying inscriptions or carving relating them to early Christianity. They were produced from the late 3rd century through to the 5th century. They represent the earliest form of large Christian sculpture, and are important for the study of Early Christian art.
Early Christian art contains a number of narrative scenes collected on sarcophagi and in paintings in the Catacombs of Rome. Miracles are very often shown, but the Crucifixion is absent until the 5th century, when it originated in Palestine , soon followed by the Nativity in much the form still seen in Orthodox icons today.
The front side of the Cross of Lothair (c. 1000 AD) Detail of a mosaic, Basilica of Sant' Apollinare in Classe, Ravenna (549).. A crux gemmata (Latin for jewelled cross) is a form of cross typical of Early Christian and Early Medieval art, where the cross, or at least its front side, is principally decorated with jewels.
Early Christian art (2 C, 43 P) Evangelical Christian art (3 C) I. Christian iconography (15 C, 126 P, 2 F) Christian images (7 C, 77 F) S. Saints in art (6 C, 1 P)