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  2. Hydroxy group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxy_group

    In chemistry, a hydroxy or hydroxyl group is a functional group with the chemical formula −OH and composed of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom. In organic chemistry , alcohols and carboxylic acids contain one or more hydroxy groups.

  3. Functional group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_group

    Complexation and solvation are also caused by specific interactions of functional groups. In the common rule of thumb "like dissolves like", it is the shared or mutually well-interacting functional groups which give rise to solubility. For example, sugar dissolves in water because both share the hydroxyl functional group (−OH) and hydroxyls ...

  4. Alcohol (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_(chemistry)

    The red and white balls represent the hydroxyl group (−OH). The three "R"s stand for carbon substituents or hydrogen atoms. [1] In chemistry, an alcohol (from Arabic al-kuḥl 'the kohl'), [2] is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl (−OH) functional group bound to a saturated carbon atom.

  5. Hydroxide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxide

    The infrared spectra of compounds containing the OH functional group have strong absorption bands in the region centered around 3500 cm −1. [6] The high frequency of molecular vibration is a consequence of the small mass of the hydrogen atom as compared to the mass of the oxygen atom, and this makes detection of hydroxyl groups by infrared ...

  6. Hemiacetal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemiacetal

    In organic chemistry, a hemiacetal is a functional group the general formula R 1 R 2 C(OH)OR, where R 1, R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an organic substituent. They generally result from the nucleophilic addition of an alcohol (a compound with at least one hydroxy group) to an aldehyde (R−CH=O) or a ketone (R 2 C=O) under acidic conditions.

  7. Diol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diol

    Ethylene glycol, a common diol. A diol is a chemical compound containing two hydroxyl groups (−OH groups). [1] An aliphatic diol may also be called a glycol. [2] This pairing of functional groups is pervasive, and many subcategories have been identified.

  8. Functionality (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functionality_(Chemistry)

    In organic chemistry, functionality is often used as a synonym for functional group. For example, a hydroxyl group can also be called a HO-function. [1] [2] Functionalisation means the introduction of functional groups, for example the functionalisation of a surface [3] (e.g. silanization for the specific modification of the adhesion of a surface)

  9. Enol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol

    In organic chemistry, enols are a type of Functional group or intermediate in organic chemistry containing a group with the formula C=C(OH) (R = many substituents). The term enol is an abbreviation of alkenol, a portmanteau deriving from "-ene"/"alkene" and the "-ol". Many kinds of enols are known. [1]