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The Lyres of Ur or Harps of Ur is a group of four string instruments excavated in a fragmentary condition at the Royal Cemetery at Ur in modern Iraq from 1922 onwards. They date back to the Early Dynastic III Period of Mesopotamia , between about 2550 and 2450 BC, making them the world's oldest surviving stringed instruments. [ 1 ]
The lyre was excavated in the Royal Cemetery at Ur during the 1926–1927 season of an archeological dig carried out in what is now Iraq jointly by the University of Pennsylvania and the British Museum. Leonard Woolley led the excavations. The lyre was found in “The King’s Grave”, near the bodies of more than sixty soldiers and attendants ...
The Royal Cemetery at Ur is an archaeological site in modern-day Dhi Qar Governorate in southern Iraq.The initial excavations at Ur took place between 1922 and 1934 under the direction of Leonard Woolley in association with the British Museum and the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
c. 2500 BC - The invention of thin lyres in northern Syria. [7] c. 2500 BC - The invention of thick lyres in Uruk and Susa. [7] c. 2686-2181 BC - The invention of the Sistrum, a musical instrument of the percussion family. [8] c. 2600 BC - The creation of Standard of Ur which includes soundbox of a musical instrument [9] [10]
These Lyres of Ur include the "Gold Lyre" (Iraq Museum) [124] [122] and the "Bull Headed Lyre" (Penn Museum). [125] The Gold Lyre of Ur now held in the Iraq Museum is a partial reconstruction; the original was destroyed in the looting that followed the US invasion of Baghdad during the second Iraq War. [126] Musicologist Samuel Dorf details the ...
The earliest reference to the word "lyre" is the Mycenaean Greek ru-ra-ta-e, meaning "lyrists" and written in the Linear B script. [5] In classical Greek, the word "lyre" could either refer specifically to an amateur instrument, which is a smaller version of the professional cithara and eastern-Aegean barbiton, or "lyre" can refer generally to all three instruments as a family. [6]
C. J. Gadd, "History and monuments of Ur, Chatto & Windus", 1929 (Dutton 1980 reprint: ISBN 0-405-08545-1). Leon Legrain, "Archaic seal-impressions", Ur Excavations III, Publications of the Joint Expedition of the British Museum and of the University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, to Mesopotamia, Oxford University Press, 1936
English: Identifier: urexcavations191319join (find matches) Title: Ur excavations Year: 1900 Authors: Joint Expedition of the British Museum and of the Museum of the University of Pennsylvania to Mesopotamia Hall, H. R. (Harry Reginald), 1873-1930, ed Woolley, Leonard, Sir, 1880-1960 Legrain, Leon, 1878- ed