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Slavery in the ancient world, from the earliest known recorded evidence in Sumer to the pre-medieval Antiquity Mediterranean cultures, comprised a mixture of debt-slavery, slavery as a punishment for crime, and the enslavement of prisoners of war.
Slavery was widespread in the ancient world in Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. [7] [8] [4] Slavery became less common throughout Europe during the Early Middle Ages but continued to be practiced in some areas. Both Christians and Muslims captured and enslaved each other during centuries of warfare in the Mediterranean and Europe. [9]
"Slaves are either born or made" (servi aut nascuntur aut fiunt): [166] in the ancient Roman world, people might become enslaved as a result of warfare, piracy and kidnapping, or child abandonment—the fear of falling into slavery, expressed frequently in Roman literature, was not just rhetorical exaggeration. [167]
Slavery was a widely accepted practice in ancient Greece, as it was in contemporaneous societies. [2] The principal use of slaves was in agriculture, but they were also used in stone quarries or mines, as domestic servants, or even as a public utility, as with the demosioi of Athens.
Slave trading in the Indian Ocean goes back to 2500 BCE. [3] Ancient Babylonians, Egyptians, Greeks, Indians, and Persians all traded slaves on a small scale across the Indian Ocean (and sometimes the Red Sea). [4] Slave trading in the Red Sea around the time of Alexander the Great is described by Agatharchides. [4]
These raids for prisoners of war, who subsequently became slaves, were a regular occurrence in the ancient Nile Valley and Africa. During times of conquest and after winning battles, the ancient Nubians were taken as slaves by the ancient Egyptians. [16] The Garamantes relied heavily on slave labor from sub-Saharan Africa. [17]
OPINION: Part one of theGrio’s Black History Month series explores the myths, misunderstandings and mischaracterizations of America’s slaveholding past. The post Black History/White Lies: The ...
Mauritania was the last country in the world to officially ban slavery, in 1981, [7] with legal prosecution of slaveholders established in 2007. [8] However, in 2019, approximately 40 million people, of whom 26% were children, were still enslaved throughout the world despite slavery being illegal.
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