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Absolute contraindications: Bradycardia [53] Hypotension; Hypersensitivity to beta blockers [53] Cardiogenic shock [53] Second or third degree AV block; Relative contraindications, or contraindications specific to certain beta-blockers: Long QT syndrome: sotalol is contraindicated; History of torsades de pointes: sotalol is contraindicated ...
Nebivolol is a beta blocker used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. [5] As with other β-blockers, it is generally a less preferred treatment for high blood pressure. [6] It may be used by itself or with other blood pressure medication. [6] It is taken by mouth. [6] Common side effects include dizziness, feeling tired, nausea, and ...
Betaxolol is most commonly ingested orally alone or with other medications for the management of essential hypertension. [4] It is a cardioselective beta blocker, targeting beta-1 adrenergic receptors found in the cardiac muscle.
Studies have found serious side effects to be more common in individuals also taking digoxin, possibly because of pre-existing heart failure in those people. [8] As with other beta blockers, it may interact with calcium channel blockers, catecholamine-depleting drugs, insulin or antidiabetic drugs, β 2-adrenergic receptor agonists, and ...
Use is not recommended in those with asthma, uncompensated heart failure, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [3] It is unclear if use during pregnancy is safe for the fetus. [6] Timolol is a non-selective beta blocker. [3] Timolol was patented in 1968, and came into medical use in 1978. [7]
The first beta blocker, propranolol, was introduced in the early 1960s by the winner of The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1988- Sir James W. Black. [23] The drug was originally developed in order to induce a calm effect on the heart by blocking the beta receptor for adrenaline, treating a range of cardiovascular disorders .
Labetalol is often classified as a beta blocker with low lipophilicity and hence lower potential for crossing the blood–brain barrier and blood–placenta barrier. [ 17 ] [ 29 ] [ 30 ] This in turn may result in fewer effects in the central nervous system as well as a lower risk of neuropsychiatric side effects. [ 17 ]
Beta-blockers act as competitive antagonists that block the effects of catecholamines at beta-adrenergic receptor sites, resulting in reduced rate and force of contraction of the heart, as well as reduced peripheral vascular resistance. [14] Non-selective beta-blockers: propranolol, nadolol, timolol