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The sublingual gland (glandula sublingualis) is a seromucous polystomatic exocrine gland. Located underneath the oral diaphragm ( diaphragma oris ), the sublingual gland is the smallest and most diffuse of the three major salivary glands of the oral cavity, with the other two being the submandibular and parotid .
The sublingual papilla or sublingual fold is a small fold of soft tissue located on each side of the lingual frenulum. [1] The sublingual papilla marks the site of the sublingual gland [ 2 ] with its major sublingual duct [ 3 ] and its minor sublingual ducts [ 4 ] opening upon the papilla.
Minor trauma to the floor of the mouth is thought to damage the delicate ducts that drain saliva from the sublingual gland into the oral cavity. [2] The lesion is a mucous extravasation cyst (mucocele) of the floor of mouth, although a ranula is often larger than other mucoceles (mainly because the overlying mucosa is thicker). [3]
The salivary glands in many vertebrates including mammals are exocrine glands that produce saliva through a system of ducts. Humans have three paired major salivary glands (parotid, submandibular, and sublingual), as well as hundreds of minor salivary glands. [1] Salivary glands can be classified as serous, mucous, or seromucous (mixed).
The third pair are the sublingual glands located underneath the tongue and their secretion is mainly mucous with a small percentage of saliva. Within the oral mucosa, and also on the tongue, palates, and floor of the mouth, are the minor salivary glands; their secretions are mainly mucous and they are innervated by the facial nerve ( CN7 ). [ 12 ]
Picture of the mouth showing the sublingual caruncle and related anatomical structures. The submandibular duct arises from deep part of submandibular gland, a salivary gland. It begins by numerous branches from the superficial surface of the gland, and runs forward between the mylohyoid, hyoglossus, and genioglossus muscles.
the sublingual salivary gland. Saliva from the sublingual gland drains through several small excretory ducts in the floor of the mouth. Sometimes a more distinctive duct can be recognized, known as Bartholin's duct. the deep part of the submandibular gland and the submandibular duct (Wharton's duct) some extrinsic tongue muscle fibers.
Sialadenitis (sialoadenitis) is inflammation of salivary glands, usually the major ones, the most common being the parotid gland, followed by submandibular and sublingual glands. [1] It should not be confused with sialadenosis (sialosis) which is a non-inflammatory enlargement of the major salivary glands. [2]