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The Toba eruption (also called the Toba supereruption and the Youngest Toba eruption) was a supervolcanic eruption that occurred about 74,000 years ago, during the Late Pleistocene, [2] at the site of present-day Lake Toba, in Sumatra, Indonesia.
The Toba eruption (the Toba event) occurred at what is now Lake Toba about 73,700±300 years ago. [15] It was the last in a series of at least four caldera-forming eruptions at this location, with the earlier known caldera having formed around 1.2 million years ago. [16]
An archaeological site in Ethiopia has revealed that a population of humans survived the eruption of Sumatra’s Mount Toba 74,000 years ago. One of the largest eruptions in Earth’s history ...
A supervolcano is a volcano that has had an eruption with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 8, [1] the largest recorded value on the index. This means the volume of deposits for such an eruption is greater than 1,000 cubic kilometers (240 cubic miles).
In a volcanic eruption, lava, volcanic bombs, ash, and various gases are expelled from a volcanic vent and fissure. While many eruptions only pose dangers to the immediately surrounding area, Earth's largest eruptions can have a major regional or even global impact, with some affecting the climate and contributing to mass extinctions.
Volcano/complex Volcanic arc/belt, subregion, or hotspot Material volume (km 3) Age in Ka [1] Tephra or eruption name 6 Lolobau Island: Bismarck Volcanic Arc 50 12 caldera formation 6 Menengai: Great Rift Valley, Kenya < 25 12.3 Ruplax Tuff 6 Nevado de Toluca: Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt: 20 12.5 Upper Toluca Pumice 6 Sakurajima: Kyūshū: 11 12.8
If every supervolcano erupted, billions of tons of ash and gas could flood the air, likely leading to volcanic winter, acid rain, and global famine. What if all the world's supervolcanoes erupted ...
The central volcano of Bárðarbunga, the Veidivötn and Trollagigar fissures form one volcanic system, which extend about 100 km SW to near Torfajökull volcano and 50 km NE to near Askja volcano, respectively. The subglacial Loki-Fögrufjöll volcanic system located SW of Bárðarbunga volcano is also part of the Bárðarbunga volcanic system ...