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While young children display a wide distribution of reading skills, each level is tentatively associated with a school grade. Some schools adopt target reading levels for their pupils. This is the grade-level equivalence chart recommended by Fountas & Pinnell. [4] [5]
The standard Linsear Write metric Lw runs on a 100-word sample: [3] For each "easy word", defined as words with 2 syllables or less, add 1 point. For each "hard word", defined as words with 3 syllables or more, add 3 points. Divide the points by the number of sentences in the 100-word sample. Adjust the provisional result r: If r > 20, Lw = r / 2.
"The Flesch–Kincaid" (F–K) reading grade level was developed under contract to the U.S. Navy in 1975 by J. Peter Kincaid and his team. [1] Related U.S. Navy research directed by Kincaid delved into high-tech education (for example, the electronic authoring and delivery of technical information), [2] usefulness of the Flesch–Kincaid readability formula, [3] computer aids for editing tests ...
The study found that the students could read texts at their assigned Lexile scores (93%), but also noted that 43% of the sampled books were below a basic standard for 2nd grade. Mesmer concludes that "Lexile scores and book levels may not help teachers in finding books that can be read fluently" and lists the cost of using the Lexile inventory ...
The automated readability index (ARI) is a readability test for English texts, designed to gauge the understandability of a text. Like the Flesch–Kincaid grade level, Gunning fog index, SMOG index, Fry readability formula, and Coleman–Liau index, it produces an approximate representation of the US grade level needed to comprehend the text.
A school timetable consists of a list of the complete set of offered courses, as well as the time and place of each course offered. The purposes of the school timetable are to inform teachers when and where they teach each course, and to enable students to enroll in a subset of courses without schedule conflicts. [1]
READ 180 was founded in 1985 by Ted Hasselbring and members of the Cognition and Technology Group at Vanderbilt University.With a grant from the United States Department of Education’s Office of Special Education, Dr. Hasselbring developed software that used student performance data to individualize and differentiate the path of computerized reading instruction. [3]
The average reading score for grade-four public school students was 219. [48] Female students had an average score that was 7 points higher than male students. Students who were eligible for the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) had an average score that was 28 points lower than that for students who were not eligible.