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An example of such testing is antibiotic susceptibility testing by measurement of minimum inhibitory concentration which is routinely used in medical microbiology and research. If a suspension used is too heavy or too dilute, an erroneous result (either falsely resistant or falsely susceptible) for any given antimicrobial agent could occur.
Once a bacterium has been identified following microbiological culture, antibiotics are selected for susceptibility testing. [5] Susceptibility testing methods are based on exposing bacteria to antibiotics and observing the effect on the growth of the bacteria (phenotypic testing), or identifying specific genetic markers (genetic testing). [6]
The catalase test tests whether a microbe produces the enzyme catalase, which catalyzes the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide. Smearing a colony sample onto a glass slide and adding a solution of hydrogen peroxide (3% H 2 O 2) will indicate whether the enzyme is present or not. Bubbling is a positive test while nothing happening is a negative result.
A test for lipase using polysorbate 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, a detergent). Certain mycobacteria possess a lipase that splits it into oleic acid and polyoxyethylated sorbitol . The test solution also contains phenol red , which is stabilised by the polysorbate 80; when the latter 80 is hydrolysed, the phenol red changes from ...
If the microbiology lab result did not support the use of vancomycin, it was suggested to change the medication to something appropriate as under the Center for Disease Control CDC guidelines. The use of CDR's could help monitor infectious diseases in the hospital and the appropriate prescribing based on lab results.
In the past nucleic acid tests have mainly been used as a secondary test to confirm positive serological results. [3] However, as they become cheaper and more automated, they are increasingly becoming the primary tool for diagnostics and can also be use for monitoring of treatment of viral infected individuals t.
For example, when carbohydrates are fermented, the pH within the well decreases and that is indicated by a change in the color of the pH indicator. All test results are compiled to obtain a profile number, which is then compared with profile numbers in a commercial codebook (or online) to determine the identification of the bacterial species.
Etest is a quantitative technique for determining the MIC of microoganisms. It is used for a range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria such as Pseudomonas, [2] [3] Staphylococcus, [4] and Enterococcus species, [5] as well as fastidious bacteria, such as Neisseria and Streptococcus pneumoniae. [1]