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The spinalis muscle is the smallest and most medial column. It has three parts: spinalis thoracis which originates from the spinous process of L3-T10 and inserts in the spinous process of T8-T2. spinalis cervicis originates from the spinous process of T2-C6 and inserts in the spinous process of C4-C2.
In anatomy, a process (Latin: processus) is a projection or outgrowth of tissue from a larger body. [1] For instance, in a vertebra, a process may serve for muscle attachment and leverage (as in the case of the transverse and spinous processes), or to fit (forming a synovial joint), with another vertebra (as in the case of the articular processes). [2]
Spinalis dorsi, the medial continuation of the sacrospinalis, is scarcely separable as a distinct muscle.It is situated at the medial side of the longissimus dorsi, and is intimately blended with it; it arises by three or four tendons from the spinous processes of the first two lumbar and the last two thoracic vertebrae: these, uniting, form a small muscle which is inserted by separate tendons ...
The interspinales are short muscle fascicles, found in pairs between the spinous processes of the contiguous vertebrae, one on either side of the interspinal ligament.. In the cervical region, the cervical interspinales are most distinct, and consist of six pairs, the first being situated between the axis and third vertebra, and the last between the seventh cervical and the first thoracic.
The interval between the lips is subcutaneous and partly covered by the tendinous fibers of these muscles. The lateral border , or base, the shortest of the three, is slightly concave; its edge, thick and round, is continuous above with the under surface of the acromion , below with the neck of the scapula.
The multifidus (multifidus spinae; pl.: multifidi) muscle consists of a number of fleshy and tendinous fasciculi, which fill up the groove on either side of the spinous processes of the vertebrae, from the sacrum to the axis. While very thin, the multifidus muscle plays an important role in stabilizing the joints within the spine.
The rhomboid major is a skeletal muscle of the back that connects the scapula with the vertebrae of the spinal column. [1] It originates from the spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae T2–T5 and supraspinous ligament; it inserts onto the lower portion of the medial border of the scapula. [2]
The transverse and spinous processes and their associated ligaments serve as important attachment sites for back and paraspinal muscles and the thoracolumbar fasciae. The spinous processes of the cervical and lumbar regions can be felt through the skin, and are important surface landmarks in clinical medicine.