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  2. List of popes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_popes

    Plaque commemorating the popes buried in St. Peter's Basilica (their names in Latin and the year of their burial). This chronological list of popes of the Catholic Church corresponds to that given in the Annuario Pontificio under the heading "I Sommi Pontefici Romani" (The Roman Supreme Pontiffs), excluding those that are explicitly indicated as antipopes.

  3. History of papal primacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_papal_primacy

    In Roman Catholic theology, the doctrine of apostolic succession states that Christ gave the full sacramental authority of the church to the twelve apostles in the sacrament of holy orders, making them the first bishops. By conferring the fullness of the sacrament of holy orders on the apostles, they were given the authority to confer the ...

  4. History of the papacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_papacy

    The Popes, the Catholic Church and the Transatlantic Enslavement of Black Africans 1418–1839 (Georg Olms Verlag, 2017). Aradi, Zsolt. The Popes: The History Of How They Are Chosen Elected And Crowned (1955) online; Bauer, Stefan. (2020): The Invention of Papal History: Onofrio Panvinio between Renaissance and Catholic Reform. Oxford ...

  5. Papal nobility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papal_nobility

    The papal nobility are the ... Just as Catholic monarchs sometimes ... Ferrara, Modena and Reggio elevated to Marquisates; 1308–1309, succession ...

  6. Apostolic succession - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolic_succession

    Michael Ramsey, an English Anglican bishop and the Archbishop of Canterbury (1961–1974), described three meanings of "apostolic succession": . One bishop succeeding another in the same see meant that there was a continuity of teaching: "while the Church as a whole is the vessel into which the truth is poured, the Bishops are an important organ in carrying out this task".

  7. Papal selection before 1059 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papal_selection_before_1059

    Fabian was reputedly selected as bishop because a dove landed on him, the first historical reference to a method of papal succession. The selection of the Pope, the Bishop of Rome and Supreme Pontiff of the Catholic Church, prior to the promulgation of In Nomine Domini in AD 1059 varied throughout history. Popes were often putatively appointed ...

  8. Western Schism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Schism

    The Western Schism, also known as the Papal Schism, the Great Occidental Schism, the Schism of 1378, or the Great Schism [1] (Latin: Magnum schisma occidentale, Ecclesiae occidentalis schisma), was a split within the Catholic Church lasting from 20 September 1378 to 11 November 1417, in which bishops residing in Rome and Avignon simultaneously claimed to be the true pope, and were eventually ...

  9. Pope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope

    According to tradition, he headed the church for 35 years and has thus far been the longest-reigning pope in the history of the Catholic Church. [125] The Latin term, sede vacante ("while the see is vacant"), [126] refers to a papal interregnum, the period between the death or resignation of a pope and the election of his successor.