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The Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) or European beaver is a species of beaver widespread across Eurasia, with a rapidly increasing population of at least 1.5 million in 2020. The Eurasian beaver was hunted to near-extinction for both its fur and castoreum , with only about 1,200 beavers in eight relict populations from France to Mongolia in the ...
North American beaver skeleton (Museum of Osteology) Lithograph of a Canadian beaver, 1819. The beaver is the largest rodent in North America and competes with its Eurasian counterpart, the European beaver, for being the third-largest in the world, both following the South American capybara and lesser capybara. The European species is slightly ...
Beaver populations now range across western, central, and eastern Europe, and western Russia and the Scandinavian Peninsula. [41] Beginning in 2009, beavers have been successfully reintroduced to parts of Great Britain. [44] In 2020, the total Eurasian beaver population in Europe was estimated at over one million. [45]
The earliest castorids belong to the genus Agnotocastor, known from the late Eocene and Oligocene of North America and Asia. [2] Other early castorids included genera such as Steneofiber, from the Oligocene and Miocene of Europe, the earliest member of the subfamily Castorinae, which contains castorids closely related to living beavers. [3]
To avoid this ambiguity, the name coypu or coipo (derived from Mapudungun) is used in South America, Britain and other parts of Europe. [15] In France, the nutria is known as a ragondin. In Dutch, it is known as beverrat 'beaver rat'. In German, it is known as Nutria, Biberratte 'beaver rat', or Sumpfbiber 'swamp beaver'.
North American beaver: Castor canadensis: Extant: 50 kg (110 lb) 5: Lesser capybara: Hydrochoerus isthmius: Extant: 45.4 kg (100 lb) 6: Eurasian beaver: Castor fiber: Extant: 40 kg (88 lb) 7: Cape porcupine: Hystrix africaeaustralis : Extant: 30 kg (66 lb) 8: Crested porcupine: Hystrix cristata : Extant: 27 kg (60 lb) 9: North American ...
Eurasian beaver and kit by the River Tay in Scotland. After being extinct for several centuries, beavers were reintroduced to Great Britain in 2009. The Eurasian beaver has been the successful subject of a century of official and unapproved species reintroduction programs in Europe and Asia.
European bison - mainland Europe (reintroduced) European beaver - Finland (reintroduced) North American beaver - Finland, Russia; Gray squirrel - Italy, Scotland, England, Ireland (from North America) Finlayson's squirrel [110] Pallas's squirrel [111] Siberian chipmunk - France, Germany, Austria, Netherlands, Finland, England (from further east ...