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A plant in control theory is the combination of process and actuator. A plant is often referred to with a transfer function (commonly in the s-domain ) which indicates the relation between an input signal and the output signal of a system without feedback, commonly determined by physical properties of the system.
Often the controllers were behind the control room panels, and all automatic and manual control outputs were transmitted back to plant. However, whilst providing a central control focus, this arrangement was inflexible as each control loop had its own controller hardware, and continual operator movement within the control room was required to ...
With automatic systems, many units in a system can participate in regulation, reducing wear on a single unit's controls and improving overall system efficiency, stability, and economy. Where the grid has tie interconnections to adjacent control areas, automatic generation control helps maintain the power interchanges over the tie lines at the ...
Control engineers are responsible for the research, design, and development of control devices and systems, typically in manufacturing facilities and process plants. Control methods employ sensors to measure the output variable of the device and provide feedback to the controller so that it can make corrections toward desired performance.
The information is stored and analyzed on a computer and the entire plant and each piece of production equipment can be monitored on a large screen in a control room. Plant operating settings are then automatically adjusted to achieve the optimum production. Plant operators can manually override the process automation systems when necessary.
A distributed control system (DCS) is a computerized control system for a process or plant usually with many control loops, in which autonomous controllers are distributed throughout the system, but there is no central operator supervisory control. This is in contrast to systems that use centralized controllers; either discrete controllers ...
Correct operation of the petrochemical process plant is achieved through the action of control loops. [1] These automatically maintain and control the pressure, temperature, liquid level and flowrate of fluid in vessels and piping. Control loops compare the measured value of a parameter on the plant, eg. pressure, with a pre-determined set point.
Power-system automation is the act of automatically controlling the power system via instrumentation and control devices.Substation automation refers to using data from Intelligent electronic devices (IED), control and automation capabilities within the substation, and control commands from remote users to control power-system devices.