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Fissured tongue is a benign condition characterized by deep grooves in the dorsum of the tongue. Although these grooves may look unsettling, the condition is usually painless. Although these grooves may look unsettling, the condition is usually painless.
The tongue is moved side to side and inspected; it should be pink, moist, smooth and glistening. Assessment of the ventral (bottom) surface of the tongue is done by having the patient touch the tip of their tongue against the roof of their mouth. If healthy, it should have prominent veins and be pink, smooth, moist, glistening and free of lesions.
A score totalling 4–6 is indicative of moderate dryness and requires sugar-free chewing gum or simple sialogogues. Further investigation is needed if the cause is unclear, and saliva substitutes and topical fluoride may be helpful. Regular follow-ups to check for early dental decay and symptom change are required. 7–10
The most common and simple treatment is the construction of a specially made acrylic prosthesis that covers the biting surfaces of the teeth and protects the cheek, tongue, and labial mucosa (an occlusal splint). This is either employed in the short term as a habit-breaking intention or more permanently (e.g., wearing the prosthesis each night ...
Rarely, a ranula may descend into the neck rather than the mouth (plunging ranula). If small, the ranula may be left alone; if it is larger and causing symptoms, excision of the sublingual gland may be indicated. Nicotinic stomatitis is whitening of the hard palate by hyperkeratosis caused by the heat from smoking or from drinking hot liquids ...
The epiglottic valleculae are paired spaces between the root of the tongue and anterior surface of the epiglottis. Each vallecula is bordered medially by the median glossoepiglottic fold and laterally by the lateral glossoepiglottic fold. The valleculae can collect saliva to prevent initiation of the swallowing reflex.
Transient lingual papillitis is generally diagnosed based on patient presentation, meaning where it is located in the mouth and how big the bump is. [8] The visual presentation can also accompany various signs and symptoms such as difficulty eating, having a "strawberry tongue", increased saliva production, and a burning or tingling sensation. [9]
Distinct strawberry tongue with "parched" lips as seen in a young child with Kawasaki disease. Strawberry tongue, or raspberry tongue, [25] is glossitis which manifests with hyperplastic (enlarged) fungiform papillae, giving the appearance of a strawberry. White strawberry tongue is where there is a white coating on the tongue through which the ...