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Front X-ray of right knee of an adolescent (epiphyseal plates are open): arrows point to avascular necrosis and developing osteochondritis dissecans in the outer medial condyle of femur. In the early stages, bone scintigraphy and MRI are the preferred diagnostic tools. [18] [19] X-ray images of avascular necrosis in the early stages usually ...
The major tissues affected are nerves and muscles, where irreversible damage starts to occur after 4–6 hours of cessation of blood supply. [4] Skeletal muscle, the major tissue affected, is still relatively resistant to infarction compared to the heart and brain because its ability to rely on anaerobic metabolism by glycogen stored in the cells may supply the muscle tissue long enough for ...
Dysbaric osteonecrosis or DON is a form of avascular necrosis where there is death of a portion of the bone that is thought to be caused by nitrogen (N 2) embolism (blockage of the blood vessels by a bubble of nitrogen coming out of solution) in divers. [1] Although the definitive pathologic process is poorly understood, there are several ...
Panner disease is an osteochondrosis of the capitellum of the elbow. [1] Panner disease is primarily seen in boys between the ages of five and ten years old. [2] Panner disease is often caused by excessive throwing due to valgus stress.
[3] [5] The third (middle finger) metacarpal head has been reported to be the most common site of necrosis. [6] Though osteonecrosis is a fairly common condition, many cases of avascular necrosis of the metacarpal head go without being diagnosed. This is because presentation of symptoms is variable depending on the patient.
Children are more likely than adults to develop IgA vasculitis, and adults tend to have a more severe case. [18] Anti–glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease is an uncommon kind of small vessel vasculitis that affects the kidney and lung capillary beds. This illness is also known by its eponym, "Goodpasture sydrome." [19]
The condition is most commonly found in children between the ages of 4 and 10. Common symptoms include pain in the hip, knee, or ankle (since hip pathology can cause pain to be felt in a normal knee or ankle), or in the groin; this pain is exacerbated by hip or leg movement, especially internal hip rotation (with the knee flexed 90°, twisting the lower leg away from the center of the body).
Avascular necrosis (AVN) is one complication of scaphoid fracture. Since the scaphoid receives its arterial supply in a retrograde fashion (i.e. from distal to proximal pole), the part proximal to the fracture is usually affected. [5] Risk of AVN depends on the location of the fracture.