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In addition, he discovered a process similar to pasteurization, [20] along with a means of mass-producing phosphorus (1769), leading Sweden to become one of the world's leading producers of matches. Chlorine gas. Scheele made one other very important scientific discovery in 1774, arguably more revolutionary than his isolation of oxygen.
2 combines with atomic oxygen made by the splitting of O 2 by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. [22] Since ozone absorbs strongly in the UV region of the spectrum, the ozone layer of the upper atmosphere functions as a protective radiation shield for the planet. [22] Near the Earth's surface, it is a pollutant formed as a by-product of automobile ...
Photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms that produced O 2 as a byproduct lived long before the first build-up of free oxygen in the atmosphere, [5] perhaps as early as 3.5 billion years ago. The oxygen cyanobacteria produced would have been rapidly removed from the oceans by weathering of reducing minerals, [citation needed] most notably ferrous ...
Joseph Priestley FRS (/ ˈ p r iː s t l i /; [3] 24 March 1733 – 6 February 1804) was an English chemist, Unitarian, natural philosopher, separatist theologian, grammarian, multi-subject educator and classical liberal political theorist. [4]
1909 – Bakelite hard thermosetting plastic presented by Leo Baekeland; 1911 – Superconductivity discovered by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes; 1912 – Stainless steel invented by Harry Brearley; 1916 – Method for growing single crystals of metals invented by Jan Czochralski; 1919 – The merchant ship Fullagar has the first all welded hull.
Before the invention of the polio vaccine, the iron lung supported patients whose lungs were weakened or paralyzed by polio. This is its impact today.
A chemistry lab at UC Berkeley says it has devised a chemical reaction that could address much of our plastic waste. (Andrew Medichini / Associated Press)
Cavendish discovered hydrogen as a colorless, odourless gas that burns and can form an explosive mixture with air, and published a paper on the production of water by burning inflammable air (that is, hydrogen) in dephlogisticated air (now known to be oxygen), the latter a constituent of atmospheric air (phlogiston theory).