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The counter itself must count in Gray code, or if the counter runs in binary then the output value from the counter must be reclocked after it has been converted to Gray code, because when a value is converted from binary to Gray code, [nb 1] it is possible that differences in the arrival times of the binary data bits into the binary-to-Gray ...
A general disadvantage of ring counters is that they are lower density codes than normal binary encodings of state numbers. A binary counter can represent 2 N states, where N is the number of bits in the code, whereas a straight ring counter can represent only N states and a Johnson counter can represent only 2N states. This may be an important ...
Up/down counter – counts up and down, as directed by a control input, or by the use of separate "up" and "down" clocks. Ring counter – formed by a "circular" shift register. Johnson counter – a twisted ring counter. Gray-code counter – outputs a sequence of Gray codes. Shift register generator counter – based on a shift register with ...
A ring counter with 15 sequentially ordered states is an example of a state machine. A 'one-hot' implementation would have 15 flip flops chained in series with the Q output of each flip flop connected to the D input of the next and the D input of the first flip flop connected to the Q output of the 15th flip flop.
LFSR counters have simpler feedback logic than natural binary counters or Gray-code counters, and therefore can operate at higher clock rates. However, it is necessary to ensure that the LFSR never enters a lockup state (all zeros for a XOR based LFSR, and all ones for a XNOR based LFSR), for example by presetting it at start-up to any other ...
Register-transfer-level abstraction is used in hardware description languages (HDLs) like Verilog and VHDL to create high-level representations of a circuit, from which lower-level representations and ultimately actual wiring can be derived. Design at the RTL level is typical practice in modern digital design.
A counter-based random number generation (CBRNG, also known as a counter-based pseudo-random number generator, or CBPRNG) is a kind of pseudorandom number generator that uses only an integer counter as its internal state. They are generally used for generating pseudorandom numbers for large parallel computations.
Spectre is a SPICE-class circuit simulator owned and distributed by the software company Cadence Design Systems.It provides the basic SPICE analyses and component models. It also supports the Verilog-A modeling langua