Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
There are several options of treatment when iatrogenic (i.e., caused by the surgeon) spinal accessory nerve damage is noted during surgery. For example, during a functional neck dissection that injures the spinal accessory nerve, injury prompts the surgeon to cautiously preserve branches of C2, C3, and C4 spinal nerves that provide supplemental innervation to the trapezius muscle. [3]
C-4 or Composition C-4 is a common variety of the plastic explosive family known as Composition C, which uses RDX as its explosive agent. C-4 is composed of explosives, plastic binder, plasticizer to make it malleable, and usually a marker or odorizing taggant chemical.
There are 8 cervical spinal nerves of the peripheral nervous system. Cervical spinal nerves C1, C2 and C3 help control the movements of the head and neck. Cervical spinal nerve C4 helps control upward shoulder movements. Cervical spinal nerve C3, C4 and C5 help power the diaphragm and aid in breathing.
Composition C2 was replaced by Composition C3, which was a mixture of 77% RDX and 23% explosive plasticizer. [9]: 8–109 C3 was effective but proved to be too brittle in cold weather and was replaced with C4. There are three classes of C4, with varying amounts of RDX and polyisobutylene. [9]: 8–111
This variant may predispose the phrenic nerve to injury during subclavian vascular cannulation. In addition, an accessory phrenic nerve is commonly identified, present in up to 75% of a cadaveric study. [3] In canines, the phrenic nerve arises from C5-C7 with occasional small contributions from C4. [4]
Flexion teardrop fractures usually involve instability in all elements of the spine at the injured level, commonly occur at the C4-C7 vertebra, and have a high association with spinal cord injury (in particular anterior cord syndrome). In comparison, the extension-type fracture occurs more commonly at C2 or C3, causes less if any disruption to ...
One advantage to having plexes is that damage to a single spinal nerve will not completely paralyze a limb. There are four main plexuses formed by the ventral rami: the cervical plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves C1–C4. Branches of the cervical plexus, which include the phrenic nerve, innervate muscles of the neck, the diaphragm ...
Transverse cervical nerve - innervates anterior region of neck (C2 and C3) Supraclavicular nerves - innervate the skin above and below the clavicle (C3-C4) [6] [clarification needed] Muscular Ansa cervicalis - a loop formed by C1-C3 that supplies most infrahyoid (a.k.a. "strap") muscles (sternothyroid, sternohyoid, omohyoid muscles) etc.