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A broad and common measure of the health of a population is its life expectancy. According to "Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Slavery," by Robert Fogel, the life expectancy in 1850 of a White person in the United States was forty; for a slave, it was thirty-six. [1]
Overall suicide rates of black slaves in the United States are believed to have been comparatively low, in part due to cultural beliefs common to both Africa and African-American communities. [3] Africa has the lowest suicide rate of any continent, and the suicide rate of African-descended Americans is a fraction of that of European-descended ...
Cyane seized four American slave ships in her first year on station. Trenchard developed a good level of co-operation with the Royal Navy. Four additional U.S. warships were sent to the African coast in 1820 and 1821. A total of 11 American slave ships were taken by the U.S. Navy over this period. Then American enforcement activity reduced.
No longer servants to slave owners, black women were contractual servants to their husbands due to the patriarchal principles governing the role of women in marriage. [ 39 ] [ 40 ] Additionally, women of African descent endured discrimination from white women in the time following emancipation, including during the women's suffrage movement ...
Black women who practice healthy behaviors during pregnancy have a higher rate of mortality during childbirth than white women who do not, data show. California combats high death rates of Black ...
As U.S. lawmakers commemorated the end of slavery by celebrating Juneteenth this month, many of them could have looked no further than their own family histories to find a more personal connection ...
Margaret Garner as depicted in Harper's Weekly c.1867. Infanticide was an act of rebellion because it allowed enslaved women to prevent the enslavement of their children. . Due to partus sequitur ventrum, the principle that a child inherits the status of its mother, any child born to an enslaved woman would be born enslaved, part of the enslaver's property
How many of those Black and Hispanic patients among those 1,000 per day are dead because the pulse oximeters used to monitor them underperformed because of their darker hues?