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One source identifies a skein of stranded cotton as being 8.25 yards (7.54 m), of tapestry wool as being 10 yards (9.1 m), and crewel wool as being 33 yards (30 m). [ 1 ] In yarns for handcrafts such as knitting or crochet , hanks are not a fixed length but are sold in units by weight, most commonly 50 grams (2 oz).
Applied to yarn, a denier was held to be equal in weight to 1 ⁄ 24 ounce (1.2 g). There is a difference between filament and total measurements in deniers. Both are defined as above, but the first relates to a single filament of fiber (commonly called denier per filament (DPF)), whereas the second relates to a yarn.
A skein is a unit of length which has been used in the UK. [1] As a measuring unit of cotton yarn or of silk , a skein equates to a "rap" or a "lea". [ 2 ] One skein is equivalent to 360 feet (109.73 m).
For example, a skein of cotton would be 80 turns on a reel of 54 inches (140 cm) circumference, making 120 yards (110 m), while the standard length for wool worsted would be 80 yards (73 m). The tension of the yarn as it was wound onto the reel was important because it would be elastic and so a standard tension was required to ensure uniformity.
For better accuracy, measure the wraps at the center of your yarn sample. The number of wraps will act as a gauge to assess the thickness of unmarked yarn; for example 12 wraps per inch is 12 WPI, and is used to calculate how much yarn is required for various articles, [3] so that 12 is equivalent to 8 ply (worsted weight, medium weight) yarn. [3]
This means that an area of 72 cm × 91 cm (28 + 1 ⁄ 2 in × 36 in) weighs 230 g (8 oz). Sailcloth is woven in two forms: balanced and unbalanced. The yarns in balanced cloth are the same diameter and weight in lengthwise (the "warp") and across the width of the cloth (the "fill"). Unbalanced means a heavier yarn is used in one direction.
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