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Mesentery has been known for thousands of years, however it was unclear whether mesentery is a single organ or there are several mesenteries. [ 20 ] [ better source needed ] The classical anatomical description of the mesocolon is credited to British surgeon Sir Frederick Treves in 1885, [ 21 ] although a description of the membrane as a single ...
In vertebrates, a mesentery is a membrane consisting of a double fold of peritoneum that encloses the intestines and their associated organs and connect them with the dorsal wall of the abdominal cavity. [2] In invertebrates, a mesentery is a support or partition in a body cavity serving a similar function to the mesenteries of vertebrates. [2]
These parts of the tract have a mesentery. Regions of the gastrointestinal tract behind the peritoneum (called retroperitoneal ) are covered with adventitia . They blend into the surrounding tissue and are fixed in position (for example, the retroperitoneal section of the duodenum usually passes through the transpyloric plane ).
Researchers first discovered the continuous nature of the mesentery through microscopic examinations in 2012, but the past few years have shown that it has enough function to be considered an organ.
The mesothelium is a membrane composed of simple squamous epithelial cells of mesodermal origin, [2] which forms the lining of several body cavities: the pleura (pleural cavity around the lungs), peritoneum (abdominopelvic cavity including the mesentery, omenta, falciform ligament and the perimetrium) and pericardium (around the heart).
The ventral mesentery forms the lesser omentum, and is attached to the developing liver. In the adult, these connective structures of omentum and mesentery form the peritoneum, and act as an insulating and protective layer while also supplying organs with blood and lymph vessels as well as nerves. [2]
Dorsal mesentery, of the jejunal and ileal loops, forms the mesentery proper. [6] The ventral mesentery, located in the region of the terminal part of the esophagus, the stomach and the upper part of the duodenum, is derived from the septum transversum.
The duodenal bulb is a remnant of the mesoduodenum, a mesentery that suspends the organ from the posterior abdominal wall in fetal life. [10] The first part of the duodenum is mobile, and connected to the liver by the hepatoduodenal ligament of the lesser omentum. The first part of the duodenum ends at the corner, the superior duodenal flexure.