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The ancient Egyptian royal cubit (meh niswt) is the earliest attested standard measure. Cubit rods were used for the measurement of length . A number of these rods have survived: two are known from the tomb of Maya , the treasurer of the 18th dynasty pharaoh Tutankhamun , in Saqqara ; another was found in the tomb of Kha ( TT8 ) in Thebes .
A curve is divided into five sections and the height of the curve is given in cubits, palms, and digits in each of the sections. [2] [3] At some point, lengths were standardized by cubit rods. Examples have been found in the tombs of officials, noting lengths up to remen. Royal cubits were used for land measures such as roads and fields.
The Egyptians also used two different ells, one of which—the royal ell—was a sixth larger than the common ell; [1] this royal measurement was the earlier of the two in Egyptian use, and the one which the Pyramids of the 3rd and 4th Dynasties seem to be measured in integer multiples of. [9]
On surviving Ancient Egyptian cubit-rods, the royal cubit is divided into seven palms of four digits or fingers each. [3] The royal cubit measured approximately 525 mm, [ 4 ] so the length of the ancient Egyptian digit was about 19 mm.
References ^ Cf. Biblical Archaeology Review, March–April 1983, and Newsletter and Proceedings of the Society for Early Historic Archaeology, issue 159. Standard/Biblical cubit: 6 palms x 4 fingers = 24 units, Egyptian Royal cubit: 7 palms x 4 fingers = 28 units I tweaked the following with an excellent reference... The cubit is a traditional unit of length, based on the length of the ...
1.11 Land cubits and tenure, the Feudal system. 1.12 Where the Metric System came from. 1.13 The Egyptian Minute of March as Stadion, Stadium, Furlong.
The side of the square is 12 royal cubits and its area is 434 square feet. The area of the circle is 191^2 x 3.141601563. The algorithm suggests working with coordinates and numerical analysis to define a curve.
Cubits of various lengths were used in Antiquity by various peoples, not only the Hebrews. One cubit is originally the length from someone's elbow to the tip of their middle finger; it usually translates to approximately half a metre ±10%, with an ancient Roman cubit being as long as 120 cm.