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A typical motor start capacitor. A motor capacitor [1] [2] is an electrical capacitor that alters the current to one or more windings of a single-phase alternating-current induction motor to create a rotating magnetic field. [citation needed] There are two common types of motor capacitors, start capacitor and run capacitor (including a dual run ...
[19] [20] [21] A capacitor-start, capacitor-run motor has two separate capacitors, one for starting the motor, and another for running it, and has a centrifugal switch to disconnect the starting capacitor, or a back-EMF relay connected in parallel with the auxiliary winding of the motor. This motor provides high starting torque and high efficiency.
Short title: Capasitor-start single-phase motor circuit diagram: Image title: A circuit diagram of a motor with LC circuit with capacitor embedded. Source: Energy-Efficient Electric Motors, Revised and Expanded, Ali Emadi, October 3, 2018, ISBN: 9781351836678
The capacitor-run designs keep the second winding on when running, improving torque. A resistance start design uses a starter inserted in series with the startup winding, creating reactance. Self-starting polyphase induction motors produce torque even at standstill.
[3] A variation of the centrifugal switch used a changeover contact to ensure that the auxiliary windings remain in the circuit through a running capacitor. These motors are called two-value or capacitor start capacitor run motors. Centrifugal switches are found in many clothes dryers, supplying power to the motor in parallel with the start ...
Capacitor-run induction motors have a permanently connected phase-shifting capacitor in series with a second winding. The motor is much like a two-phase induction motor. Motor-starting capacitors are typically non-polarized electrolytic types, while running capacitors are conventional paper or plastic film dielectric types.
The start capacitor is typically mounted to the side of the motor housing. These are called capacitor-start motors, and have relatively high starting torque. There are also capacitor-run induction motors which have a permanently connected phase-shifting capacitor in series with a second winding. The motor is much like a two-phase induction motor.
For a machine to run as an asynchronous generator, capacitor bank must supply minimum 4567 / 3 phases = 1523 VAR per phase. Voltage per capacitor is 440 V because capacitors are connected in delta. Capacitive current Ic = Q/E = 1523/440 = 3.46 A Capacitive reactance per phase Xc = E/Ic = 127 Ω. Minimum capacitance per phase:
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