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TIGER includes both land features such as roads, rivers, and lakes, as well as areas such as counties, census tracts, and census blocks. Some of the geographic areas represented in TIGER are political areas, including state and federally recognized tribal lands, cities, counties, congressional districts, and school districts.
The statistical and geographic data are disseminated free of charge through a sophisticated online data access system. [ 1 ] In addition, NHGIS has created historical and contemporary cartographic boundary shapefiles compatible with every census, and over 50 million lines of metadata describing the collection.
Online collection of all digital USGS 1:24K scale topographic maps (as well as various other GIS data) covering the United States, available as a free download. NPScape United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NPScape is a landscape dynamics monitoring project that provides landscape-level data, tools, and evaluations for ...
[2] Although it is a public database, GADM has a higher spatial resolution than other free databases, [3] and also higher than commercial software such as ArcGIS. [4] Those sources are commonly use to complete data analysis with data visualisation such as data plots , choropleth map , etc. [ 5 ] [ 6 ]
The shapefile format was introduced with ArcView GIS version 2 in the early 1990s. It is now possible to read and write geographical datasets using the shapefile format with a wide variety of software. The shapefile format stores the geometry as primitive geometric shapes like points, lines, and polygons.
ZIP Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTAs) are statistical entities developed by the United States Census Bureau for tabulating summary statistics. These were introduced with the Census 2000 and continued with the 2010 Census and 5 year American Community Survey [1] datasets. They were updated again for the 2020 census.
State Free File offering providers vary by state. What States Offer Free File? 22 states and the District of Columbia offer a Free File program for state tax returns.
A census tract, census area, census district or meshblock [1] is a geographic region defined for the purpose of taking a census. [2] Sometimes these coincide with the limits of cities , towns or other administrative areas [ 2 ] and several tracts commonly exist within a county.