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Short-circuit evaluation, minimal evaluation, or McCarthy evaluation (after John McCarthy) is the semantics of some Boolean operators in some programming languages in which the second argument is executed or evaluated only if the first argument does not suffice to determine the value of the expression: when the first argument of the AND function evaluates to false, the overall value must be ...
Does linear programming admit a strongly polynomial-time algorithm? (This is problem #9 in Smale's list of problems.) How many queries are required for envy-free cake-cutting? What is the algorithmic complexity of the minimum spanning tree problem? Equivalently, what is the decision tree complexity of the MST problem?
Furthermore it would probably expose the problem with as low as possible efforts and runtime, to allow testing a new software version as efficiently as possible for the problem. A minimal reproducible example may also be referred to as a reprex, a minimal working example (MWE), a minimal complete verifiable example (MCVE), or a short self ...
The Subgraph Isomorphism problem is NP-complete. The graph isomorphism problem is suspected to be neither in P nor NP-complete, though it is in NP. This is an example of a problem that is thought to be hard, but is not thought to be NP-complete. This class is called NP-Intermediate problems and exists if and only if P≠NP.
It is possible to use a single try...finally block even when dealing with multiple resources, but that requires a correct use of sentinel values, which is another common source of bugs for this type of problem. [13]: 8:6–8:7 Python and Ruby also permit a clause (else) that is used in case no exception occurred before the end of the handler's ...
In other words, every instance of a problem in the complexity class #P can be reduced to an instance of the #SAT problem. This is an important result because many difficult counting problems arise in Enumerative Combinatorics , Statistical physics , Network Reliability, and Artificial intelligence without any known formula.
In computability theory and computational complexity theory, an undecidable problem is a decision problem for which it is proved to be impossible to construct an algorithm that always leads to a correct yes-or-no answer. The halting problem is an example: it can be proven that there is no algorithm that correctly determines whether an arbitrary ...
A snippet of Python code with keywords highlighted in bold yellow font. The syntax of the Python programming language is the set of rules that defines how a Python program will be written and interpreted (by both the runtime system and by human readers). The Python language has many similarities to Perl, C, and Java. However, there are some ...