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Equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) is a common cause of colic and decreased performance in horses. Horses form ulcers in the mucosa of the stomach, leading to pain, decreased appetite, weight loss, and behavioral changes. Treatment generally involves reducing acid production of the stomach and dietary management.
Horses usually show signs of mild colic that is chronic, unresponsive to analgesics, and may include signs such as dysphagia, ptyalism, bruxism, fever, and lethargy, [21] [22] although severe colic signs may occur. [15] Signs of shock may be seen if gastric rupture has occurred. [21]
Grey Turner's sign refers to bruising of the flanks, the part of the body between the last rib and the top of the hip.The bruising appears as a blue discoloration, [1] and is a sign of retroperitoneal hemorrhage, or bleeding behind the peritoneum, which is a lining of the abdominal cavity.
The most current theory is a result of a recent study that suggests it is caused by a pegivirus, referred to as Theiler's disease-associated virus (TDAV). [2] Eight horses that had received prophylactic botulinum antitoxin and developed subsequent signs of Theiler's disease were subjected to a test for a viral infection based on RNA sequencing techniques.
After gastric decompression, the horse may show signs of malaise and act lethargic, but pain level usually improves. [2] Abdominocentesis usually reveals a yellow, turbid fluid with an increased white blood cell count (usually 5,000–10,000 cells/microliter) and protein level (>3.5 g/dl), [2] although the fluid may be serosanginous in severe ...
Helicobacter pylori colonizes the stomach for decades in most people, and induces chronic gastritis, a long-lasting inflammation of the stomach. In most cases symptoms are never experienced but about 10–20% of those infected will ultimately develop gastric and duodenal ulcers, and have a possible 1–2% lifetime risk of gastric cancer. [65]
The major host for A. equuli is horses and under physiological conditions, A. equuli is part of horses' mucosal microbiota and does not normally cause clinical symptoms and/or lesions. [3] However, when mucous membranes become compromised (wound penetration, ulcers/erosions) it allows for resident A. equuli to establish infection in the horses ...
AEN has never been recorded as a one symptom disorder, but instead present by multiple symptoms. [2] The symptoms vary from the severity of the disorder. The most classic sign of AEN is the dark pigmentation of esophageal mucosa in an upper endoscopy, usually viewed as an ulcer or as an infectious disease. [6]