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The origins of the five points and the acrostic are uncertain, but they appear to be outlined in the Counter Remonstrance of 1611, a lesser-known Reformed reply to the Arminian Five Articles of Remonstrance, which was written prior to the Canons of Dort. [3] The acrostic TULIP was used by Cleland Boyd McAfee as early as circa 1905. [4]
A basic summary of the Canons of Dort is given by the five points of Calvinism: [119] Total depravity, unconditional election, limited atonement, irresistible grace, and perseverance of the saints. [118] Modern Reformed theologians continues to assert these points as a simple summary of the Calvinist soteriological doctrines. [120]
The five points were more recently popularized in the 1963 booklet The Five Points of Calvinism Defined, Defended, Documented by David N. Steele and Curtis C. Thomas. The origins of the five points and the acrostic are uncertain, but they appear to be outlined in the Counter Remonstrance of 1611 , a lesser-known Reformed reply to the Arminians ...
The "Remonstrants" highlighted five aspects of their theology: (1) election was conditional on foreseen faith; (2) Christ's atonement was unlimited in extent; (3) total depravity; (4) prevenient and resistible grace; and (5) necessity of perseverance and the possibility of apostasy.
Opponents to Calvinism often cite passages such as those below they believe clearly contradict limited atonement: Jesus promises that whosoever believes in him has everlasting life. John 3:16; Peter proclaims that everyone who calls upon Jesus will be saved. Acts 2:21; God calls all people everywhere to repent. Acts 17:30, 2 Peter 3:9
Unconditional election (also called sovereign election [1] or unconditional grace) is a Calvinist doctrine relating to predestination that describes the actions and motives of God prior to his creation of the world, when he predestined some people to receive salvation, the elect, and the rest he left to continue in their sins and receive the just punishment, eternal damnation, for their ...
Calvinism's Misrepresentation of God, published in 2002 and revised in 2004 and 2006. He sought to refute many alleged misconceptions of Calvinism without taking an Arminian stance. He outlined a theological middle ground between Calvinism and Arminianism, where, according to Hunt, one can believe in eternal security but reject Calvinistic ...
Total depravity (also called radical corruption [1] or pervasive depravity) is a Protestant theological doctrine derived from the concept of original sin.It teaches that, as a consequence of the Fall, every person born into the world is enslaved to the service of sin as a result of their fallen nature and, apart from the efficacious (irresistible) or prevenient (enabling) grace of God, is ...