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  2. Laser lithotripsy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_lithotripsy

    Ho:YAG lasers have wavelength of 2100 nm (infrared) and are used for medical procedures in urology and other areas. They have qualities of CO 2 and Nd:Yag lasers, with ablative and coagulation effects. [10] Holmium laser use results in smaller fragments than 320 or 365 micron pulsed dye lasers or electrohydraulic and mechanical methods. [11]

  3. Phakic intraocular lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phakic_intraocular_lens

    A phakic intraocular lens ( PIOL) is an intraocular lens that is implanted surgically into the eye to correct refractive errors without removing the natural lens (also known as "phakos", hence the term). Intraocular lenses that are implanted into eyes after the eye's natural lens has been removed during cataract surgery are known as pseudophakic.

  4. Urology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urology

    Urology. Urology (from Greek οὖρον ouron "urine" and -λογία -logia "study of"), also known as genitourinary surgery, is the branch of medicine that focuses on surgical and medical diseases of the urinary system and the reproductive organs. Organs under the domain of urology include the kidneys, adrenal glands, ureters, urinary ...

  5. Benign prostatic hyperplasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benign_prostatic_hyperplasia

    Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), also called prostate enlargement, is a noncancerous increase in size of the prostate gland. [1] Symptoms may include frequent urination, trouble starting to urinate, weak stream, inability to urinate, or loss of bladder control. [1]

  6. Intraocular lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraocular_lens

    Intraocular lens. An Intraocular lens ( IOL) is a lens implanted in the eye usually as part of a treatment for cataracts or for correcting other vision problems such as short sightedness and long sightedness; a form of refractive surgery. If the natural lens is left in the eye, the IOL is known as phakic, otherwise it is a pseudophakic lens (or ...

  7. Pyelogram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyelogram

    Pyelogram (or pyelography or urography) is a form of imaging of the renal pelvis and ureter. [ 1] Types include: Intravenous pyelogram – In which a contrast solution is introduced through a vein into the circulatory system. Retrograde pyelogram – Any pyelogram in which contrast medium is introduced from the lower urinary tract and flows ...

  8. Intraocular lens power calculation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraocular_lens_power...

    The aim of an accurate intraocular lens power calculation is to provide an intraocular lens (IOL) that fits the specific needs and desires of the individual patient. The development of better instrumentation for measuring the eye 's axial length (AL) and the use of more precise mathematical formulas to perform the appropriate calculations have ...

  9. Ureteroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ureteroscopy

    Ureteroscopy. Ureteroscopy is an examination of the upper urinary tract, usually performed with a ureteroscope that is passed through the urethra and the bladder, and then directly into the ureter. [ 1] The procedure is useful in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders such as kidney stones and urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract. [ 1]