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Antithyroid autoantibodies (or simply antithyroid antibodies) are autoantibodies targeted against one or more components on the thyroid. The most clinically relevant anti-thyroid autoantibodies are anti- thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO antibodies, TPOAb), thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAb) and thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb).
Thyroid peroxidase is a frequent epitope of autoantibodies in autoimmune thyroid disease, with such antibodies being called anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO antibodies). This is most commonly associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Thus, an antibody titer can be used to assess disease activity in patients that have developed such ...
Anti-mitochondrial antibody. Anti-mitochondrial antibodies ( AMA) are autoantibodies, consisting of immunoglobulins formed against mitochondria, [1] primarily the mitochondria in cells of the liver . The presence of AMA in the blood or serum of a person may be indicative of the presence of, or the potential to develop, the autoimmune disease ...
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura ( ITP ), also known as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura or immune thrombocytopenia, is an autoimmune primary disorder of hemostasis characterized by a low platelet count in the absence of other causes. [1] [2] ITP often results in an increased risk of bleeding from mucosal surfaces (such as the nose or gums ...
A goiter is a diffuse, often symmetric, swelling of the thyroid gland visible in the anterior neck that may develop. [ 18] The thyroid gland may become firm, large, and lobulated in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, but changes in the thyroid can also be nonpalpable. [ 19] Enlargement of the thyroid is due to lymphocytic infiltration and fibrosis ...
Anti-histone antibodies are autoantibodies that are a subset of the anti-nuclear antibody family, which specifically target histone protein subunits or histone complexes. [1] They were first reported by Henry Kunkel, H.R. Holman, and H.R.G. Dreicher in their studies of cellular causes of lupus erythematosus in 1959–60.
Neurology. Hashimoto's encephalopathy, also known as steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis ( SREAT ), is a neurological condition characterized by encephalopathy, thyroid autoimmunity, and good clinical response to corticosteroids. It is associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and was first described in 1966.
Positive ANA as well as anti-DNA antibodies have been reported in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. [ 65 ] [ 66 ] ANA can have a positive test result in up to 45% of people with autoimmune thyroid conditions or rheumatoid arthritis and up to 15% of people with HIV or hepatitis C .