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  2. Tangent lines to circles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent_lines_to_circles

    k = 1 is the tangent line to the right of the circles looking from c 1 to c 2. k = −1 is the tangent line to the right of the circles looking from c 2 to c 1. The above assumes each circle has positive radius. If r 1 is positive and r 2 negative then c 1 will lie to the left of each line and c 2 to the right, and the two tangent lines will ...

  3. Polar coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_coordinate_system

    In blue, the point (4, 210°). In mathematics, the polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a plane is determined by a distance from a reference point and an angle from a reference direction. The reference point (analogous to the origin of a Cartesian coordinate system) is called the pole, and the ...

  4. Ellipse - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellipse

    The pole is the point; the polar the line. By calculation one can confirm the following properties of the pole-polar relation of the ellipse: For a point (pole) on the ellipse, the polar is the tangent at this point (see diagram: ,).

  5. Folium of Descartes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folium_of_Descartes

    Implicit differentiation gives the formula for the slope of the tangent line to this curve to be [3] =. Using either one of the polar representations above, the area of the interior of the loop is found to be 3 a 2 / 2 {\displaystyle 3a^{2}/2} .

  6. Tangential angle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangential_angle

    In geometry, the tangential angle of a curve in the Cartesian plane, at a specific point, is the angle between the tangent line to the curve at the given point and the x -axis. [ 1] (. Some authors define the angle as the deviation from the direction of the curve at some fixed starting point. This is equivalent to the definition given here by ...

  7. Inverse trigonometric functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_trigonometric...

    Specifically, they are the inverses of the sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, and cosecant functions, [ 10] and are used to obtain an angle from any of the angle's trigonometric ratios. Inverse trigonometric functions are widely used in engineering, navigation, physics, and geometry .

  8. Subtangent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtangent

    The angle φ is the angle of inclination of the tangent line or the tangential angle. In geometry, the subtangent and related terms are certain line segments defined using the line tangent to a curve at a given point and the coordinate axes. The terms are somewhat archaic today but were in common use until the early part of the 20th century.

  9. Tangent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent

    This leads to the definition of the slope of the tangent line to the graph as the limit of the difference quotients for the function f. This limit is the derivative of the function f at x = a, denoted f ′(a). Using derivatives, the equation of the tangent line can be stated as follows: = + ′ ().