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IP packets are composed of a header and payload. The header consists of fixed and optional fields. The payload appears immediately after the header. An IP packet has no trailer. However, an IP packet is often carried as the payload inside an Ethernet frame, which has its own header and trailer.
A frame is "the unit of transmission in a link layer protocol, and consists of a link layer header followed by a packet." [2] Each frame is separated from the next by an interframe gap. A frame is a series of bits generally composed of frame synchronization bits, the packet payload, and a frame check sequence.
A simple definition of packet switching is: The routing and transferring of data by means of addressed packets so that a channel is occupied during the transmission of the packet only, and upon completion of the transmission the channel is made available for the transfer of other traffic. [5] [6]
Ethernet packet. The SFD (start frame delimiter) marks the end of the packet preamble. It is immediately followed by the Ethernet frame, which starts with the destination MAC address. [1] In computer networking, an Ethernet frame is a data link layer protocol data unit and uses the underlying Ethernet physical layer transport
Frame Relay and ATM use labels to move frames or cells through a network. The header of the Frame Relay frame and the ATM cell refers to the virtual circuit that the frame or cell resides on. The similarity between Frame Relay, ATM, and MPLS is that at each hop throughout the network, the label value in the header is
Royal Palace of Madrid Plaza de España, Seville. Spanish architecture refers to architecture in any area of what is now Spain, and by Spanish architects worldwide. The term includes buildings which were constructed within the current borders of Spain prior to its existence as a nation, when the land was called Iberia, Hispania, or was divided between several Christian and Muslim kingdoms.
The time is measured from the end of the frame check sequence of one frame to the start of the preamble for the next. [ 2 ] : 5 During data reception, some interpacket gaps may be smaller due to variable network delays, clock tolerances (all speeds), and the presence of repeaters (10 Mbit/s only).
Generic 802.11 Frame. The very first two octets transmitted by a station are the Frame Control. The first three subfields within the frame control and the last field are always present in all types of 802.11 frames. These three subfields consist of two bits Protocol Version subfield, two bits Type subfield, and four bits Subtype subfield.