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Ring strain results from a combination of angle strain, conformational strain or Pitzer strain (torsional eclipsing interactions), and transannular strain, also known as van der Waals strain or Prelog strain. The simplest examples of angle strain are small cycloalkanes such as cyclopropane and cyclobutane.
This destabilization increases the reaction driving force, and the desire of the cycloalkyne to relieve its ring strain. Scheme of the Strain-promoted Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition. This reaction proceeds as a concerted [3+2] cycloaddition to the triple bond in a cyclooctyne in the same mechanism as the Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition ...
In polymer chemistry, ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) is a type of chain-growth polymerization involving olefin metathesis. [1] The reaction is driven by relieving ring strain in cyclic olefins. [2] A variety of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts have been developed for different polymers and mechanisms. [3]
Heterocyclic rings systems that are formally derived by fusion with other rings, either carbocyclic or heterocyclic, have a variety of common and systematic names. For example, with the benzo-fused unsaturated nitrogen heterocycles, pyrrole provides indole or isoindole depending on the orientation.
In organic chemistry, transannular strain (also called Prelog strain after chemist Vladimir Prelog) is the unfavorable interactions of ring substituents on non-adjacent carbons. These interactions, called transannular interactions, arise from a lack of space in the interior of the ring , which forces substituents into conflict with one another.
In polymer chemistry, ring-opening polymerization (ROP) is a form of chain-growth polymerization in which the terminus of a polymer chain attacks cyclic monomers to form a longer polymer (see figure). The reactive center can be radical, anionic or cationic. Ring-opening of cyclic monomers is often driven by the relief of bond-angle strain.
Allylic strain, or A 1,3 strain is closely associated to syn-pentane strain. An example of allylic strain can be seen in the compound 2-pentene. It's possible for the ethyl substituent of the olefin to rotate such that the terminal methyl group is brought near to the vicinal methyl group of the olefin. These types of compounds usually take a ...
Cyclopropane is the cycloalkane with the molecular formula (CH 2) 3, consisting of three methylene groups (CH 2) linked to each other to form a triangular ring.The small size of the ring creates substantial ring strain in the structure.