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5160, a spring steel. Popular steel for forging swords and large knives, with high toughness and good wear resistance. [citation needed] Popular sword manufacturers that use 5160 spring steel include Hanwei and Generation 2. [citation needed] 5160 spring steel is mainly used on Medieval type swords. [citation needed] 4140 [definition needed]
Hardness comparison table. Brinell HB (10 mm Ball, 3000 kg load) Vickers HV (5 kg) Rockwell C HRC (120 degree cone 150 kg) Rockwell B HRB (1/16" ball 100 kg)
The next set of 3 digits gives the steel's minimum yield strength. So S355 has a minimum yield strength of 355 MPa for the smallest thickness range covered by the relevant standard – i.e. EN10025. [2] Below is a table indicating the most common application codes.
Spring steel is a name given to a wide range of steels [1] used in the manufacture of different products, including swords, saw blades, springs and many more. These steels are generally low-alloy manganese , medium-carbon steel or high-carbon steel with a very high yield strength .
The SAE steel grades system is a standard alloy numbering system (SAE J1086 – Numbering Metals and Alloys) for steel grades maintained by SAE International. In the 1930s and 1940s, the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) and SAE were both involved in efforts to standardize such a numbering system for steels.
This allows the sword to have the strength and the ability to hold a sharp edge, as well as to cause the sword to tend to bend rather than flex under stress. The process starts in the combining of the iron and carbon, by heating iron sand to 1200-1500 degrees Celsius in a traditional furnace, or tatara , for 72 hours.
The origin of the name "Damascus Steel" is contentious. Islamic scholars al-Kindi (full name Abu Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Kindi, circa 800 CE – 873 CE) and al-Biruni (full name Abu al-Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni, circa 973 CE – 1048 CE) both wrote about swords and steel made for swords, based on their surface appearance, geographical location of production or forging, or the name of the ...
The typical test uses a 10 mm (0.39 in) diameter steel ball as an indenter with a 3,000 kgf (29.42 kN; 6,614 lbf) force. For softer materials, a smaller force is used; for harder materials, a tungsten carbide ball is substituted for the steel ball. The indentation is measured and hardness calculated as: