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Tubers help plants perennate (survive winter or dry months), provide energy and nutrients, and are a means of asexual reproduction. [1] Stem tubers manifest as thickened rhizomes (underground stems) or stolons (horizontal connections between organisms); examples include the potato and yam.
A stem tuber is a thickened part of a rhizome or stolon that has been enlarged for use as a storage organ. [10] In general, a tuber is high in starch, e.g. the potato, which is a modified stolon. The term "tuber" is often used imprecisely and is sometimes applied to plants with rhizomes.
The plant forms bulbils in the leaf axils of the twining stems, and tubers beneath the ground. These tubers are like small, oblong potatoes. Some varieties are edible and cultivated as a food crop, especially in West Africa. The tubers of edible varieties often have a bitter taste, which can be removed by boiling.
The selection of species to plant depends on various factors, such as the soil type, the position (sunny or shady location), the colour or effect that is required and the season of the year when the plants are required to flower. Border of tulips planted among pansies. Some examples of bulbous plant genera and their flowering season are given ...
A geophyte (earth+plant) is a plant with an underground storage organ including true bulbs, corms, tubers, tuberous roots, enlarged hypocotyls, and rhizomes. Most plants with underground stems are geophytes but not all plants that are geophytes have underground stems. Geophytes are often physiologically active even when they lack leaves.
Dioscorea alata – also called ube (/ ˈ uː b ɛ,-b eɪ /), ubi, purple yam, or greater yam, among many other names – is a species of yam (a tuber).The tubers are usually a vivid violet-purple to bright lavender in color (hence the common name), but some range in color from cream to plain white.
As the plants grow and flower, they use up the old corm, which shrivels away. The new corm that replaces the old corm grows in size, especially after flowering ends. The old corm produces the greatest number of cormels when close to the soil surface. Small cormels normally take one or two more years of growth before they are large enough to flower.
The aerial tubers may persist for two to 15 years, and germination rates from such tubers may be as high as 70%. Attempting to dig up the subterranean tubers, which for a mature plant can be extensive, is similarly fraught. The subterranean tubers fragment readily when disturbed, and any remaining tuber material can give rise to a new plant.