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Broadcast, unknown-unicast and multicast traffic (BUM traffic) [1] is network traffic transmitted using one of three methods of sending data link layer network traffic to a destination of which the sender does not know the network address. This is achieved by sending the network traffic to multiple destinations on an Ethernet network. [2]
The forward and reverse paths used for unicast and multicast traffic in an IEEE 802.1aq network are symmetric. This symmetry permits the normal Ethernet Continuity Fault Messages (CFM) IEEE 802.1ag to operate unchanged for SPBV and SPBM and has desirable properties with respect to time distribution protocols such as Precision Time Protocol ...
A reverse-path forwarding check and other checks are performed on multi-destination frames to further control potentially looping traffic. The first RBridge that a unicast frame encounters in a campus, RB1, encapsulates the received frame with a TRILL header that specifies the last RBridge, RB2, where the frame is decapsulated.
In computer networking, telecommunication and information theory, broadcasting is a method of transferring a message to all recipients simultaneously. Broadcasting can be performed as a high-level operation in a program, for example, broadcasting in Message Passing Interface, or it may be a low-level networking operation, for example broadcasting on Ethernet.
When a network is experiencing unicast flooding, network performance may be degraded. Here is a graph of a bridge before and after adjusting the size of the bridge address cache: [1] 80% of the frames were flooded out never to be received by the destination address, while 20% was valid traffic.
A post shared on social media purportedly shows a video of a massive traffic accident on Jan. 1, 2025 in Texas. Screenshot from Instagram Verdict: False The footage is from an accident that ...
RFC 2722 defines traffic flow as "an artificial logical equivalent to a call or connection." [1] RFC 3697 defines traffic flow as "a sequence of packets sent from a particular source to a particular unicast, anycast, or multicast destination that the source desires to label as a flow. A flow could consist of all packets in a specific transport ...
Three years later, airport traffic has bounced back and even surpassed pre-pandemic levels in Texas – the same as in 24 other states. In 2023, Texas’s airport traffic was up 8.6% since 2019.