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Cambridge Bay is the largest stop for passenger and research vessels traversing the Arctic Ocean's Northwest Passage, [12] a disputed area which the Government of Canada claims are Canadian Internal Waters, while other nations state they are either territorial waters or international waters. [13] [14]
Canada planned to submit their claim to a portion of the Arctic continental shelf in 2018. [21] In response to the Russian Arktika 2007 expedition, Canada's Foreign Affairs Minister, Peter MacKay, said "[t]his is posturing. This is the true North, strong and free, and they're fooling themselves if they think dropping a flag on the ocean floor ...
Canada and the United States have one land dispute over Machias Seal Island (off the coast of Maine), and four other maritime disputes in the Arctic and Pacific. The two countries share the longest international border in the world and have a long history of disputes about the border's demarcation (see Canada–United States border). [1]
Melville Island [1] (French: île Melville [citation needed]; Inuktitut: ᐃᓗᓪᓕᖅ, Ilulliq [citation needed]) is an uninhabited member of the Queen Elizabeth Islands of the Arctic Archipelago. With an area of 42,149 km 2 (16,274 sq mi), it is the 33rd largest island in the world and Canada's eighth largest island .
The northernmost cluster of islands, including Ellesmere Island, is known as the Queen Elizabeth Islands and was formerly the Parry Islands. The archipelago consists of 36,563 islands, of which 94 are classified as major islands, being larger than 130 km 2 (50 sq mi), and cover a total area of 1,400,000 km 2 (540,000 sq mi). [ 13 ]
The Arctic Region consists of the Yukon North slope, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Nunavik, Nunatsiavut, and Hudson and James Bay. This boundary is inclusive of Inuit Nunangat. The Western Region consists of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Yukon, minus the Yukon slope.
The Arctic Ocean, with borders as delineated by the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), including Hudson Bay (some of which is south of 57°N latitude, off the map) and all other marginal seas. These islands of the Arctic Ocean can be classified by the country that controls the territory.
In 1973 the Inuit Tapirisat of Canada (ITC) began research on Inuit land use and occupancy in the Arctic. Three years later in 1976, ITC proposed creating a Nunavut Territory and the federal Electoral Boundaries Commission recommended dividing the Northwest Territories into two electoral districts: the Western Arctic (now the Northwest Territories) and Nunatsiaq (now Nunavut).