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Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27 [a]) was an English polymath active as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author who was described in his time as a natural philosopher. [5] Newton was a key figure in the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment that followed. [6]
Sir Isaac Newton at 46 in Godfrey Kneller's 1689 portrait. The following article is part of a biography of Sir Isaac Newton, the English mathematician and scientist, author of the Principia. It portrays the years after Newton's birth in 1643, his education, as well as his early scientific contributions, before the writing of his main work, the Principia Mathematica, in 1685. Overview of Newton ...
The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended is a work of historical chronology written by Sir Isaac Newton, first published posthumously in 1728. [1] Since then it has been republished. The work, some 87,000 words, represents one of Newton's forays into the topic of chronology , detailing the rise and history of various ancient kingdoms ...
The ancient period introduced some of the ideas that led to integral calculus, but does not seem to have developed these ideas in a rigorous and systematic way. . Calculations of volumes and areas, one goal of integral calculus, can be found in the Egyptian Moscow papyrus (c. 1820 BC), but the formulas are only given for concrete numbers, some are only approximately true, and they are not ...
Newton got his appointment because of his renown as a scientist and because he supported the winning side in the Glorious Revolution. [13] [14]At some time Locke nearly succeeded in procuring Newton an appointment as provost of King's College, Cambridge, but the college had offered a successful resistance on the grounds that the appointment would be illegal; its statutes required that the ...
Newton was born into an Anglican family three months after the death of his father, a prosperous farmer also named Isaac Newton. When Newton was three, his mother married the rector of the neighbouring parish of North Witham and went to live with her new husband, the Reverend Barnabas Smith, leaving her son in the care of his maternal grandmother, Margery Ayscough. [9]
1672: Sir Isaac Newton: discovers that white light is a mixture of distinct coloured rays (the spectrum). 1673: Christiaan Huygens: first study of oscillating system and design of pendulum clocks; 1675: Leibniz, Newton: infinitesimal calculus. 1675: Anton van Leeuwenhoek: observes microorganisms using a refined simple microscope.
Sir Isaac Newton later became the first person to theoretically derive this quadratic dependence of air resistance in the early 18th century, [9] making him one of the first theoretical aerodynamicists. Newton stated that drag was proportional to the dimensions of a body, the density of the fluid, and the square of the air velocity, a ...