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  2. Silicon photonics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_photonics

    The majority of silicon photonic communications have so far been limited to telecom [31] and datacom applications, [32] [33] where the reach is of several kilometers or several meters respectively. Silicon photonics, however, is expected to play a significant role in computercom as well, where optical links have a reach in the centimeter to ...

  3. Sagnac effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagnac_effect

    A passive ring interferometer uses light entering the setup from outside. The interference pattern that is obtained is a fringe pattern, and what is measured is a phase shift. It is also possible to construct a ring interferometer that is self-contained, based on a completely different arrangement. This is called a ring laser or ring laser ...

  4. Optical ring resonators - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_ring_resonators

    A computer-simulated ring resonator depicting continuous wave input at resonance. An optical ring resonator is a set of waveguides in which at least one is a closed loop coupled to some sort of light input and output. (These can be, but are not limited to being, waveguides.)

  5. Waveguide (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waveguide_(optics)

    An optical waveguide is a physical structure that guides electromagnetic waves in the optical spectrum.Common types of optical waveguides include optical fiber waveguides, transparent dielectric waveguides made of plastic and glass, liquid light guides, and liquid waveguides.

  6. Ring laser gyroscope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_laser_gyroscope

    A ring laser gyroscope (RLG) consists of a ring laser having two independent counter-propagating resonant modes over the same path; the difference in phase is used to detect rotation. It operates on the principle of the Sagnac effect which shifts the nulls of the internal standing wave pattern in response to angular rotation.

  7. Optical resolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_resolution

    The ability of a lens to resolve detail is usually determined by the quality of the lens, but is ultimately limited by diffraction.Light coming from a point source in the object diffracts through the lens aperture such that it forms a diffraction pattern in the image, which has a central spot and surrounding bright rings, separated by dark nulls; this pattern is known as an Airy pattern, and ...

  8. Fused quartz - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fused_quartz

    Compared to other common glasses, the optical transmission of pure silica extends well into the ultraviolet and infrared wavelengths, so is used to make lenses and other optics for these wavelengths. Depending on manufacturing processes, impurities will restrict the optical transmission, resulting in commercial grades of fused quartz optimized ...

  9. Ring oscillator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_oscillator

    Ring oscillator test structures fabricated on silicon using p-type MOSFETs of different sizes. A schematic of a simple 3-inverter ring oscillator whose output frequency is 1/(6×inverter delay). A ring oscillator is a device composed of an odd number of NOT gates in a ring, whose output oscillates between two voltage levels, representing true ...