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In commerce, global supply-chain management is defined as the distribution of goods and services throughout a trans-national companies' global network to maximize profit and minimize waste. [1] Essentially, global supply chain-management is the same as supply-chain management, but it focuses on companies and organizations that are trans-national.
[14]: 2 Supply chain management was then further defined as the integration of supply chain activities through improved supply chain relationships to achieve a competitive advantage. [12] In the late 1990s, "supply chain management" (SCM) rose to prominence, and operations managers began to use it in their titles with increasing regularity.
Global supply-chain governance (SCG) is a term that originated around the mid-2000. [1] It is a governing system of rules, structures and institutions that guide, control, and lead supply chains, through policies and regulations, with the goal of creating greater efficiency. [1]
Supply-chain-management software (SCMS) is the software tools or modules used in executing supply chain transactions, managing supplier relationships and controlling associated business processes. Supply chain management maximizes the efficiency of business activities that include planning and management of the entire supply chain.
There are a variety of supply-chain models, which address both the upstream and downstream elements of supply-chain management (SCM). The SCOR (Supply-Chain Operations Reference) model, developed by a consortium of industry and the non-profit Supply Chain Council (now part of APICS) became the cross-industry de facto standard defining the scope ...
Supply chain engineering is applied to all parts of supply chains, including: [3] [1] Authentication and tracking, such as via RFID technology; Financing; Demand forecasting; Facility location; Logistics for both goods and people. Transportation; Warehousing and inventory management; Pricing; Production and manufacturing
The related global chip shortage has contributed to the supply chain crisis, specifically in the automobile and electronics sectors. During the Christmas and holiday season of 2021, an increase in spending in North America, combined with the spread of the Omicron variant of COVID-19, further exacerbated already tight supplies.
Stanford Global Supply Chain Management Forum; Supply chain security: adding to a complex operational and institutional environment, A Grainger (2007) World Customs Journal: special issue on supply chain security; Port and Maritime Security Online; Chain of Perils: Hardening the Global Supply Chain and Strengthening America's Resilience