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Estrogen is the predominant sex hormone that slows bone loss (even in men). Both estrogen and testosterone help stimulate bone formation (T, especially at puberty). Testosterone may cause an increase in cortical bone thickness in transgender men (however this does not necessarily translate to a greater mechanical stability).
This makes frequent, small sublingual or rectal doses, a very efficient way to create a stable and constant increase in trough levels. A large amount of estradiol consumed sublingually, and especially orally is converted by the GI tract into estrone and other compounds, causing a higher estrone:estradiol (E1:E2) ratio. [23]
Average number of moderate-to-severe hot flashes per week with placebo and different doses of oral estradiol in menopausal women [40] [41]. Estradiol is used in menopausal hormone therapy to prevent and treat moderate to severe menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness and atrophy, and osteoporosis (bone loss). [11]
Pill and vaginal cream Vaginal cream for vaginal symptoms only; sourced from plants; estradiol is bioidentical until ingested and converted in the liver to estrone: Alora, Climara, Esclim, Estraderm, Vivelle and others Patch Sourced from plants Estrogel Transdermal gel Sourced from plants Estrasorb Topical cream Sourced from plants Estring
Estradiol is a naturally occurring and bioidentical estrogen, or an agonist of the estrogen receptor, the biological target of estrogens like endogenous estradiol. [10] Due to its estrogenic activity, estradiol has antigonadotropic effects and can inhibit fertility and suppress sex hormone production in both women and men.
High-dose estrogen therapy (HDE) is a type of hormone therapy in which high doses of estrogens are given. [1] When given in combination with a high dose of progestogen , it has been referred to as pseudopregnancy .
Topical estrogen creams have been touted as a solution to skin aging due to menopause for decades— but they may not be right for you.
Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT), also called hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or transgender hormone therapy, is a form of hormone therapy in which sex hormones and other hormonal medications are administered to transgender or gender nonconforming individuals for the purpose of more closely aligning their secondary sexual characteristics with their gender identity.