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1942 – gramicidin S, the first peptide antibiotic; 1942 – sulfadimidine; 1943 – sulfamerazine; 1944 – streptomycin, the first aminoglycoside [2] 1947 – sulfadiazine; 1948 – chlortetracycline, the first tetracycline; 1949 – chloramphenicol, the first amphenicol [2] 1949 – neomycin; 1950 – oxytetracycline; 1950 – penicillin G ...
The history of penicillin follows observations and discoveries of evidence of antibiotic activity of the mould Penicillium that led to the development of penicillins that became the first widely used antibiotics. Following the production of a relatively pure compound in 1942, penicillin was the first naturally-derived antibiotic.
Cephalosporins are widely used antibiotics because of their clinical efficiency and desirable safety profile. [ 3 ] The cephalosporins are diverse in their antibacterial spectrum , water solubility , acid tolerability, oral bioavailability , biological half-life and other properties.
Production of antibiotics is a naturally occurring event, that thanks to advances in science can now be replicated and improved upon in laboratory settings. Due to the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming, and the efforts of Florey and Chain in 1938, large-scale, pharmaceutical production of antibiotics has been made possible.
2003 – First vaccine for Argentine hemorrhagic fever. [16] 2006 – First vaccine for human papillomavirus (which is a cause of cervical cancer) 2006 – First herpes zoster vaccine for shingles; 2011 – First vaccine for non-small-cell lung carcinoma (comprises 85% of lung cancer cases) 2012 – First vaccine for hepatitis E [17]
An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria. It is the most important type of antibacterial agent for fighting bacterial infections, and antibiotic medications are widely used in the treatment and prevention of such infections. [1] [2] They may either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria.
This year marks the 80th anniversary of D-Day on June 6, 1944, in Normandy, France. There were more than 20,000 casualties that day from both sides.
The amount of aluminium in these vaccines ranges from 0.125 milligrams in the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine to 0.82 milligrams in the 6-in-1 vaccine. The Meningococcal Group B vaccine contains 0.5 milligrams and in the UK Immunisation Schedule is given at the same time as the 6-in-1 vaccine at eight and sixteen weeks, giving a combined dose of ...