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In order to maximize the economy of handling and shipping of containers on a container ship, stowage plans, [1] sometimes known as bay plans, [2] have become essential in the shipping trade. The plans are also vital for safety on board the ship and it is recommended that personnel working on ships are familiar with them.
In container shipping, stowage planning refers to the arrangement of containers on board a container vessel. The stowage of a container ship involves different objectives, such as to optimize the available space and prevent damage to the goods, and more importantly, to minimize the time the vessel spends at the port terminal .
Maritime transport (or ocean transport) or more generally waterborne transport, is the transport of people or goods via waterways. Freight transport by sea has been widely used throughout recorded history .
Containerization reduced congestion in ports, significantly shortened shipping time, and reduced losses from damage and theft. [4] Containers can be made from a wide range of materials such as steel, fibre-reinforced polymer, aluminum or a combination. Containers made from weathering steel are used to minimize maintenance needs.
In a time charter, the vessel is hired for a set period of time, to perform voyages as the charterer directs. [102] In a bareboat charter, the charterer acts as the ship's operator and manager, taking on responsibilities such as providing the crew and maintaining the vessel. [103] The completed chartering contract is known as a charter party. [104]
Over time, the dray horse was replaced by the semi-truck tractor. The study of drayage is a relatively new area, as recent events have elevated the prominence of the dray industry. Economically, NAFTA and the growth of globalized trade have dramatically increased imports and exports that are shipped in marine shipping containers. Furthermore ...
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