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The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) is a map projection system for assigning coordinates to locations on the surface of the Earth. Like the traditional method of latitude and longitude , it is a horizontal position representation , which means it ignores altitude and treats the earth surface as a perfect ellipsoid .
OpenStreetMap (abbreviated OSM) is a free, open map database updated and maintained by a community of volunteers via open collaboration. [4] Contributors collect data from surveys, trace from aerial photo imagery or satellite imagery, and import from other freely licensed geodata sources.
Redfearn extended the series to eighth order and examined which terms were necessary to attain an accuracy of 1 mm (ground measurement). The Redfearn series are still the basis of the OSGB map projections. [10] Thomas–UTM: The λ expansions of Krüger were also confirmed by Paul Thomas in 1952: [12] they are readily available in Snyder. [13]
A projected coordinate system – also called a projected coordinate reference system, planar coordinate system, or grid reference system – is a type of spatial reference system that represents locations on Earth using Cartesian coordinates (x, y) on a planar surface created by a particular map projection. [1]
This 1988 BLM map depicts the principal meridians and baselines used for surveying states (colored) in the Public Land Survey System. The Public Land Survey System ( PLSS ) is the surveying method developed and used in the United States to plat , or divide, real property for sale and settling.
UTM is one such system, dividing the Earth into 60 longitude zones (and with UPS covering the Polar regions). UTM is widely used, and the coordinates approximately corresponds to meters north and east. However, as a set of map-projections it has inherent distortions, and thus most calculations based on UTM will not be exact. The crossing of ...
Play free online Canasta. Meld or go out early. Play four player Canasta with a friend or with the computer.
Google Earth is a web and computer program that renders a 3D representation of Earth based primarily on satellite imagery.The program maps the Earth by superimposing satellite images, aerial photography, and GIS data onto a 3D globe, allowing users to see cities and landscapes from various angles.