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Acute pyelonephritis is an exudative purulent localized inflammation of the renal pelvis (collecting system) and kidney. The kidney parenchyma presents in the interstitium abscesses (suppurative necrosis ), consisting in purulent exudate (pus): neutrophils, fibrin, cell debris and central germ colonies (hematoxylinophils).
Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure (ARF), [1] [2] is a sudden decrease in kidney function that develops within seven days, [3] as shown by an increase in serum creatinine or a decrease in urine output, or both. [4]
Fosfomycin can be used as an effective treatment for both UTIs and complicated UTIs including acute pyelonephritis. [87] The standard regimen for complicated UTIs is an oral 3g dose administered once every 48 or 72 hours for a total of 3 doses or a 6 grams every 8 hours for 7 days to 14 days when fosfomycin is given in IV form. [87]
Together with intravenous antibiotics, drainage [8] —either percutaneous or retrograde with a ureteral stent [9] —has become the cornerstone of treatment since the development of ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) scanning. Drainage offers a great outcome with low rates of morbidity and mortality.
Chapter 301: Severe Acute Encephalopathies and Critical Care Weakness; Chapter 302: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Part 9: Disorders of the Kidney and Urinary Tract Chapter 303: Cellular and Molecular Biology of the Kidney; Chapter 304: Acute Kidney Injury; Chapter 305: Chronic Kidney Disease; Chapter 306: Dialysis in the Treatment of Renal Failure
Pyelonephritis is a type of urinary tract infection that occurs when bacteria enters the body through the urinary tract. It causes an inflammation of the renal parenchyma, calyces, and pelvis. [12] There are three main classifications of pyelonephritis: acute, chronic and xanthogranulomatous.
Once the acute phase of the nephritic syndrome is controlled, it is crucial to determine the underlying pathology that caused the onset of the acute nephritic syndrome and to treat that condition. If the underlying cause is not determined and treated appropriately, it increases the risk of a recurrence of nephritic syndrome or chronic kidney ...
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