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The Indus-Yarlung suture zone or the Indus-Yarlung Tsangpo suture is a tectonic suture in southern Tibet and across the north margin of the Himalayas which resulted from the collision between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate starting about 52 Ma. [1] The north side of the suture zone is the Ladakh Batholith of the Karakoram-Lhasa Block.
The modern day rate of convergence between the Indian and Eurasian plates is measured to be approximately 17 mm/yr. [21] This convergence is accommodated through seismic activity in active fault zones. As a result, the Himalayan range is one of the most seismically active regions in the world.
Some use the term "transform fault" to describe the seismically and tectonically active portion of a fracture zone after John Tuzo Wilson's concepts first developed with respect to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. [2] The term fracture zone has a distinct geological meaning, but it is also used more loosely in the naming of some oceanic features.
[6] By strain, the Main Central Thrust is defined as a broad zone which a few kilometers thick. This zone accommodates most of the ductile shear zones and brittle thrust faults between the lowermost part of the Greater Himalayan Crystalline complex and the uppermost part of the Lesser Himalayan Sequence. [7] [8]
A geological map of the Himalaya region. The Main Himalayan Thrust underlies the rock units. Diagram showing a décollement. The Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT) is a décollement under the Himalaya Range.
Map showing Earth's principal tectonic plates and their boundaries in detail. These plates comprise the bulk of the continents and the Pacific Ocean.For purposes of this list, a major plate is any plate with an area greater than 20 million km 2 (7.7 million sq mi)
Topographical map of India and Himalaya region with Karakoram fault superimposed on top of it. Karakoram overlay modified from [1]. The Karakoram fault is an oblique-slip fault system in the Himalayan region across India and Asia.
The zone includes most of the islands of Vanuatu, the Santa Cruz islands of the southern Solomon Islands, [4] and the Loyalty Islands.A number of ocean floor features are related to the zone, in particular the New Hebrides Trench (South New Hebridies Trench) [5] and the North New Hebrides Trench (Torres Trench) which is separated from the southern trench by the d'Entrecasteaux Ridge and the ...