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  2. p-Xylene (data page) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-Xylene_(data_page)

    Heat capacity, c p? J/(mol K) Liquid properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o liquid: −24.4 kJ/mol Standard molar entropy, S o liquid: 247 J/(mol K) Enthalpy of combustion, Δ c H o: −4552 kJ/mol Heat capacity, c p: 181.7 J/(mol K) Gas properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o gas: 1.796000E+04 kJ/kg-mol [4] at 25 ...

  3. Temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature

    Most scientists measure temperature using the Celsius scale and thermodynamic temperature using the Kelvin scale, which is the Celsius scale offset so that its null point is 0 K = −273.15 °C, or absolute zero. Many engineering fields in the US, notably high-tech and US federal specifications (civil and military), also use the Kelvin and ...

  4. Negative temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_temperature

    SI temperature/coldness conversion scale: Temperatures on the Kelvin scale are shown in blue (Celsius scale in green, Fahrenheit scale in red), coldness values in gigabyte per nanojoule are shown in black. Infinite temperature (coldness zero) is shown at the top of the diagram; positive values of coldness/temperature are on the right-hand side ...

  5. Heavy water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_water

    Thus pKw D 2 O = p[OD −] + p[D +] = 7.44 + 7.44 = 14.87 (25.0 °C), and the p[D +] of neutral heavy water at 25.0 °C is 7.44. The pD of heavy water is generally measured using pH electrodes giving a pH (apparent) value, or pHa, and at various temperatures a true acidic pD can be estimated from the directly pH meter measured pHa, such that ...

  6. Confidence interval - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confidence_interval

    A confidence interval for the parameter , with confidence level or coefficient , is an interval determined by random variables and with the property: The number , whose typical value is close to but not greater than 1, is sometimes given in the form (or as a percentage ), where is a small positive number, often 0.05.

  7. Debye model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debye_model

    Reduced specific heat for KCl, TiO2, and graphite, compared with the Debye theory based on elastic measurements (solid lines). [1]In thermodynamics and solid-state physics, the Debye model is a method developed by Peter Debye in 1912 to estimate phonon contribution to the specific heat (heat capacity) in a solid. [2]

  8. Azeotrope tables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azeotrope_tables

    This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.

  9. Gibbs free energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibbs_free_energy

    C 6 H 6 (l) 124.5. 31.00. The standard Gibbs free energy of formation of a compound is the change of Gibbs free energy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of that substance from its component elements, in their standard states (the most stable form of the element at 25 °C and 100 kPa). Its symbol is Δ fG ˚.